Holistic Management to create sustainable, climate change resilient, small-scale fisheries in Jangamo, Mozambique

尽管占莫桑比克海洋物种总登陆量的75-80%，但印度洋西南部的小规模渔业在历史上一直被低估。在过去的几十年里，由于国内和政治动荡，有关莫桑比克渔业的数据几乎没有收集到。莫桑比克有1500英里长的海岸线，众所周知难以监控。缺乏管理资源导致无证、非法和未报告的捕鱼努力量和渔获量。气候变化已经被证明会改变世界各地的群落结构，但人们对气候变化对莫桑比克珊瑚礁的影响以及对中端和顶端捕食者存在的潜在影响知之甚少。该博士学位的研究结果将使案例研究合作伙伴非政府组织“爱海洋”、政府和当地社区能够就海洋保护区的合法化和管理做出基于证据的决策，这两者对于成功保护海洋至关重要，并将有助于莫桑比克实现到2030年保护30%海岸线的使命。lmma在全球范围内被广泛使用，这种方法可以提高海洋生态系统的生产力，从而增加当地人口的粮食安全。lmma采用整体方法进行保护，因为当地利益相关者也是管理者和受益者。这个项目很重要，因为它将填补Jangamo未来的科学知识空白，并使社区能够做出明智的保护决策。该项目还可以形成一个框架，以扩大莫桑比克沿海地区的地方管理战略，并有可能应用到邻国和整个西南印度洋。建议研究和出版的章节：1)小规模渔业的管理- -审查撒哈拉以南非洲的保护和管理战略，以增加小规模渔业社区的可持续性。2)气候变化对莫桑比克Jangamo湾海洋生态系统平衡和生产力的影响研究。4)干预：探索当地管理的海洋区域（LMMAs）如何改善詹加莫社区的海洋资源可用性和粮食安全，特别关注当地社区的参与。

Small-scale fisheries in the southwest Indian ocean are historically underreported despite comprising 75-80% of the total landings of marine species in Mozambique. Civil and political unrest has meant little data have been collected on Mozambique's fisheries over the past decades. Mozambique has a 1500-mile coastline, notoriously difficult to monitor. Lack of management resources have resulted in unlicenced, illegal and unreported fishing effort and catch. Climate change has been demonstrated to alter community structures around the world, yet little is known on the effects of climate change on Mozambique's reefs, and the potential implications for meso- and apex predator presence. The results from this PhD will enable the case study partner NGO Love The Oceans, government and local community to make evidence-based decisions regarding the legalisation and management of the MPA, both of which are crucial to successful conservation and will aid Mozambique's mission of protecting 30% of the coastline by 2030. LMMAs are widely used across the globe and this approach could lead to improvements in marine ecosystem productivity and thus increase food security for local populations. LMMAs take a holistic approach to conservation as the local stakeholders are also the managers and the beneficiaries. This project is important because it will fill the scientific knowledge gap for the future of Jangamo, and empower communities to make informed conservation decisions. The project can also form the framework for upscaling local management strategies along the Mozambique coastline with the potential application to neighbouring countries and across the southwest Indian Ocean. Proposed chapters for research and publication: 1) Management of small-scale fisheries - a review of conservation and management strategies in Sub-Saharan Africa to increase the sustainability of small-scale fishing communities. 2) An investigation into the effect of climate change on the balance and productivity of the marine ecosystem in Jangamo bay, Mozambique. 3) A quantitative assessment of Jangamo, Mozambique's small-scale fisheries. 4) Intervention: exploring how Locally Managed Marine Areas (LMMAs) could improve marine resource availability and food security for Jangamo's communities, with a specific focus on engaging local communities.