Club Drug Use and HIV Risks among Minorities in NYC

描述(由申请人提供)：这项横断面研究的目的是确定纽约市(NYC)经济上处于不利地位的、种族/民族多元化的吸毒者群体中俱乐部药物使用的流行率、相关性和后遗症，以提供关于该人群中俱乐部药物使用与高危性行为之间的联系的信息。这些信息有助于在经济上处于不利地位的社区开展全面的药物滥用和艾滋病毒预防工作。根据指标监测、法医和医院报告的数据，在纽约市，俱乐部药物使用[摇头丸、GHB、氯胺酮、LSD、甲基苯丙胺、五氯苯酚和氟硝西潘]的统称正在增加。在我们对哈莱姆区注射吸毒者正在进行的调查中，在30%的终生使用LSD和PCP的人中，发现终身性伴侣的数量更多。虽然各种形式的海洛因和可卡因的性行为风险在市中心的少数族裔社区中表现出来，但俱乐部毒品单独或与其他非法药物结合在一起，在多大程度上独立地与危险的性行为和感染联系在一起，仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。在这项研究中，我们将在纽约市四个行政区内的八个贫困社区使用系统的招募技术招募2000名药物使用者。符合条件和同意的参与者将接受面谈和样本采集。这项研究将涉及三个目标：(1)估计报告注射和非注射吸毒者中俱乐部药物的流行率(单独和合并)，并报告与俱乐部药物使用有关的个人特征(例如，人口统计数据、其他非法药物使用情况)、地点(例如，按社区)和时间(例如，多年抽样计划内的时间趋势)；(2)确定和比较易患因素(如可获得性、机会、家庭和同伴的影响、邻里特征)以及开始和随后购买俱乐部药物的具体情况，并分别比较参与者是否单独或同时使用吸入型或注射型海洛因、可卡因或可卡因的这些因素；。(3)在考虑其他协变量后，识别和比较由活跃的海洛因、可卡因或可卡因定义的人群中的俱乐部吸毒者和非俱乐部吸毒者的性危险行为；及。(4)识别和比较俱乐部吸毒者和非俱乐部吸毒者的艾滋病毒和丙型肝炎病毒血清感染率。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this cross-sectional study is to determine the prevalence, correlates and sequelae of club drug use among an economically disadvantaged, racial/ethnically diverse population of substance users in New York City (NYC) in order to provide information on the associations between use of club drugs and high risk sexual behavior in this population. This information can be instrumental to comprehensive substance abuse and HIV prevention efforts in economically disadvantaged communities. Club drug use [a collective term for ecstasy, GHB, ketamine, LSD, methamphetamines, PCP, and flunitrazepam] is increasing in NYC based on data from indicator surveillance, the medical examiner, and hospital reports. In our ongoing surveys of injection drug users in Harlem, a higher number of lifetime sex partners was seen among the 30% with lifetime use of LSD and PCP. While sexual risks with heroin and cocaine in their various forms has been characterized in minority inner city communities, the degree to which club drugs, alone or in combination with other illicit drugs, are independently associated with risky sexual behavior and infections remains an open question. In this study we will enroll 2000 substance users using systematic recruitment techniques in eight disadvantaged neighborhoods within four boroughs of NYC. Eligible and consenting participants will undergo an interview and specimen collection. The study will address three aims: (1) to estimate the prevalence of club drugs (separately and combined) among persons who report injection and non-injection drug use, and to report personal characteristics (e.g. demographics, other illicit drug use), place (e.g., by neighborhood) and time (e.g., time trends within a multi-year sampling scheme) factors associated with club drug use; (2) to identify and compare the predisposing factors (e.g., availability, opportunity, family and peer influences, neighborhood characteristics) and specific circumstances of initiation and subsequent purchases of club drugs and to compare these factors for club drug use separately whether or not participants use inhaled or injectable forms of heroin, cocaine alone or together; (3) to identify and compare sexual risk behaviors among club drug users and non-club drug users in a population defined by active heroin, crack or cocaine use, after accounting for other covariates; and (4) to identify and compare the HIV and HCV seroprevalence among club drug users and non-club drug users.