Recovering Anti-Francoist Women's Voices: A Feminist Translation of Maria Teresa León's "Memoria de la melancolia"

这个以实践为基础的项目将恢复玛丽亚·特雷莎·莱昂（1903-1988）的反佛朗哥主义声音，尽管在英国受到好评，但她的作品在英国读者的英语翻译中仍然无法进入（见琼斯2020，卫报）。它将有助于填补西班牙内战（1936-1939）和佛朗哥独裁统治（1939-1975）期间女性作家历史上留下的空白，从跨国女权主义翻译研究的角度来看（卡斯特罗和斯波图尔诺2020; Flotow和Kamal 2020）。我将翻译莱昂长达429页的回忆录《回忆录》（1970），它被描述为这一时期的关键证词之一（Balló，2021），并产生一个共存的批评评论，以解决女性主义翻译策略的总体研究问题（Flotow，2019;Massardier-Kenney，1997）最适合恢复西班牙失去的反佛朗哥妇女的声音，并向新的目标受众呈现历史背景。这个项目回应了女权主义者对妇女超越国家和阶级界限的压迫、独裁和流亡经历的兴趣（门多萨，2002年），由于其跨国性质，需要翻译（Castro和Ergun，2017）。本文将探讨现有的翻译策略（见Flotow，2019：232-36）采用“使女性可见”（Massardier-Kenney，1997：58），例如使用序言来保持差异，同时使源上下文更接近读者。在一个有资助的学术背景下完成这个翻译是一个创新的女权主义策略，它使我能够专注于一个被排除在正典之外的女权主义作者的恢复，而不受商业文学翻译的限制。这个项目将通过开发工具来丰富正在进行的关于语境特定的女性主义翻译策略的应用的辩论，从而为这一学科做出贡献。我的项目将通过我自己的翻译实践来发展现有的理论，从而克服翻译实践和理论之间缺乏对话的问题（Chesterman和瓦格纳，2014），这将对当前的知识体系做出原创性的贡献。它还将提高英国读者对西班牙内战期间和佛朗哥独裁统治期间流亡妇女经历的理解，使莱昂的回忆录能够被英语读者阅读，这将增加对莱昂作品的学术兴趣。

This practice-based project will reinstate the anti-Francoist voice of Maria Teresa León (1903-1988),whose work remains inaccessible in English translation to British readers despite critical acclaim in theUK (see Jones 2020, The Guardian). It will contribute to filling the gaps left in the history of womenauthors during the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939) and Franco's dictatorship (1939-1975) from aTransnational Feminist Translation Studies perspective (Castro and Spoturno 2020; Flotow and Kamal2020). I will translate León's 429-page memoir "Memoria de la melancolia" (1970), described as one ofthe key testimonies from this period (Balló, 2021), and produce a coexisting critical commentary toaddress the overarching research question of which feminist translation strategies ( Flotow, 2019;Massardier-Kenney, 1997) are most fit for the purposes of recovering Spanish lost anti-Francoist women'svoices and presenting the historical context to a new target audience. This project responds to a feministinterest in women's experiences of oppression, dictatorship and exile transcending national and classboundaries (Mendoza, 2002) which, due to its transnational nature, requires translation (Castro andErgun, 2017).This thesis will explore existing translation strategies (see Flotow, 2019:232-36) adopted to "make thefeminine visible" (Massardier-Kenney, 1997:58), such as the use of prefaces to preserve difference whilebringing the source context closer to the reader. Producing this translation within a funded academiccontext is an innovative feminist strategy that will allow me to focus solely on the recovery of a feministauthor who has been excluded from the canon, without being constrained by the limitations ofcommercial literary translation. This project will contribute to the discipline by developing tools which willenrich the ongoing debate regarding the application of context specific feminist translation strategies.My project will overcome the lack of dialogue between the practice and theory of translation(Chesterman and Wagner, 2014) by developing existing theories through my own translation practicewhich will produce an original contribution to the current body of knowledge. It will also improve UKreaders' understanding of women's experiences during the Spanish Civil War and in exile during Franco'sdictatorship by making León's memoir accessible to English-speakers which will result in increasedscholarly interest in León's work.