Prostate Cancer Education in African American Men

描述（由申请人提供）：相对于其他种族和族裔群体，非洲裔美国男性前列腺癌（CaP）的患病率更高，更有可能在晚期出现疾病，通常具有更具侵袭性的肿瘤，更有可能死于CaP，并且往往对CaP风险以及CaP筛查的潜在危害和益处了解较少。关于CaP筛查没有全国共识，但实践指南建议教育男性，特别是高风险男性，关于CaP筛查的好处和危害，以支持男性对CaP筛查做出明智的决定。拟议的研究旨在：（a）评估定制的电话干预在非洲裔美国男性中增加与对CaP筛查做出知情选择相关的知识和技能的有效性，（B）识别干预的中介者和调节者，以及（c）探索CaP筛查的预测因子以理解男性决定筛查或不筛查的原因。目标人群是年龄在45 - 70岁之间的非洲裔美国男性，他们参加了1199国家福利基金，这是美国最大的医疗保健工作者工会的医疗保健保险基金。500名符合条件并同意的男性将收到一份关于CaP筛查优点和局限性的印刷小册子，然后随机接受定制电话CaP筛查教育或安慰剂（注意力控制）电话教育，了解饮食和癌症风险。量身定制的电话教育计划的目的是作为一个决策支持干预，是基于医疗决策的渥太华框架。主要研究结果是CaP决策变量（患者决策冲突，患者价值观与CaP筛查决策之间的一致性）和沟通变量（患者与医生讨论CaP并分享CaP筛查决策）。其他重要的结果包括关于CaP和筛查的知识，感知的决策支持，以及感知的与医生沟通的功效。将在基线和干预后6个月通过患者访谈、医生报告、病历和索赔审查收集数据。该提案解决了教育非洲裔美国男性对CaP筛查的强烈需求，作为加强CaP筛查的个性化，知情和共享决策的方式。通过确保干预措施的组成部分有理论依据，为目标人群所接受，在时间上可行，实用，并允许个性化，如果证明有效，拟议的干预战略有可能被广泛传播。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Relative to other racial and ethnic groups, African American men have a higher prevalence of cancer of the prostate (CaP), are more likely to present with disease at later stages, often have more aggressive tumors, are more likely to die from CaP, and tend to be less knowledgeable about CaP risk and the potential harms and benefits of CaP screening. There is no national consensus on screening for CaP, but practice guidelines recommend educating men, especially high-risk men, about the benefits and harms of CaP screening to support men in making informed decisions about CaP screening. The proposed study aims to: (a) evaluate the efficacy of a tailored telephone intervention in increasing knowledge and skills among African American men related to making an informed choice about CaP screening, (b) identify mediators and moderators of the intervention, and (c) explore predictors of CaP screening to understand why men decide to screen or not. The target population is African American men between the ages of 45 - 70 years old enrolled in the 1199 National Benefit Fund, the health care insurance fund for the largest health care workers union in the United States. Five hundred eligible and consenting men will receive a print brochure on the advantages and limitations of CaP screening and will then be randomized to receive either tailored-telephone CaP screening education or placebo (attention control) telephone education about diet and cancer risk. The tailored-telephone education program is designed as a decision support intervention and is based on the Ottawa Framework of medical decision-making. Main study outcomes are CaP decision variables (patient decision conflict, congruence between patient values and CaP screening decision) and communication variables (patient discusses CaP with physician and shares in CaP screening decision). Other important outcomes include knowledge about CaP and screening, perceived decision support, and perceived efficacy to communicate with physician. Data will be collected through patient interviews, physician reports, and medical chart and claims review at baseline and 6 -months post-intervention. This proposal addresses the strong need to educate African American men about CaP screening as a way of enhancing individualized, informed and shared decision making regarding CaP screening. By ensuring that the intervention components are theoretically grounded, acceptable to the target population, feasible in terms of time, practical, and allow for individualization, the proposed intervention strategy has the potential to be widely disseminated if efficacy is demonstrated.