Wh-fronting in L2 Chinese

汉语的wh成分大多停留在原地，但在一定的条件下可以处于前置状态，即wh主题化和wh聚焦，它们具有不同的句法、语义和语篇属性。笔者认为，汉语的wh前置是在句法-语义-语篇的多重界面上决定的。同时，英语和俄语的wh成分的移动是不同的，但与汉语中的所有条件无关。基于界面假说(IH)，汉语前置对第二语言使用者(二语)来说是具有挑战性的。然而，目前还没有一项针对不同母语(英语和俄语)的在线任务和线下任务在信息素养框架下进行的实证研究。本研究旨在填补这一研究空白。研究问题：1)涉及多个接口的汉语正面语言对二语学习者来说会有问题吗？2)不同的母语迁移和构建频率是否会影响二语学习者的习得？3)二语学习者在线下和在线任务中的表现会不同？使用离线可接受性判断任务和在线自定进度阅读任务分别检测汉语前置词语的外显理解和内隐实时加工，并进行基于语料库的频率分析。本研究的贡献在于：1)揭示了二语汉语的wh前置的特点；2)加深了我们对二语界面的理解；3)考察了对目标结构的外显和内隐的二语知识。

Chinese wh-elements mostly remain in situ but can be fronted under certain conditions, namely wh-topicalisation and wh-focalisation, which have different syntactic, semantic and discourse properties. I suggest that Chinese wh-fronting isdetermined at the multiple interfaces of syntax-semantics-discourse. Meanwhile, English and Russian wh-elements movedifferently but regardless of all conditions in Chinese. Based on the Interface Hypothesis (IH), Chinese wh-fronting ischallenging for second language speakers (L2ers). However, there is no empirical study using both offline and onlinetasks to investigate it with different L1s (English and Russian) under the framework of IH. This study aims to fill thisresearch gap. Research questions: 1) Will the Chinese wh-fronting involving the multiple interfaces be problematic forL2ers? 2) Will the different L1 transfers and the construction frequency affect L2ers' acquisition? 3) Will L2ers performdifferently in offline and online tasks? An offline acceptability judgement task and an online self-paced reading task willbe used to detect the explicit comprehension and implicit real-time processing of Chinese wh-fronting, respectively.Besides, a corpus-based frequency analysis will be conducted. The contributions of this study are: 1) to reveal theproperties of the wh-fronting in L2 Chinese, 2) to enhance our understanding of L2 interfaces, 3) to investigate theexplicit and implicit L2 knowledge of target structure.