Integrating social data into systematic conservation planning.(4469)

用于保护生物多样性和生态系统服务的资源总是有限的，需要在空间上进行分配（基于地点的方法），以取得最大效果。然而，由于不同利益攸关方的价值观和目标相互冲突和相互影响，而且信息往往不完整，因此，往往对多种政策和管理备选方案进行评价通常极具挑战性。系统的保护规划（SCP）和相关的方法已被广泛采用，为这种决策提供支持。特别是，它们使替代明确假设和不同考虑因素权重的后果能够进行正式比较和对比，并通常以地图形式描绘。然而，虽然很明显，为生物多样性和生态系统保护分配一些资源对人类社区更有益，（包括在健康和福祉方面），更容易被社会接受，社会数据到SCP的整合迄今为止是有限的。这个学生将探索社会数据的整合，个人的利益，态度和期望，将自然环境转化为英格兰的SCP首先，它将评价在这些工具的范围内处理不同种类社会数据的适当性和方法。这将包括处理各种问题，例如在环境数据方面广泛采用的“利益转移”技术的应用，以及可能与环境数据本身有关的问题有很大不同的空间背景问题（例如对自然的看法）。其次，它将整合关键的社会数据集（例如，来自自然英格兰的人与自然调查）纳入SCP，以研究当前一些重要的战略规划问题，特别是生物多样性和生态系统保护资源空间分配的后果（如《地方自然恢复战略》、植树目标和净收益中所体现的），选项的社会可接受性，减少环境和社会不公正的可能性，以及SCP方法预测环境变化意外后果的潜力。该项目是自然英格兰和埃克塞特大学RENEW项目“个人”主题之间的合作伙伴关系，学生将与自然英格兰密切合作，使用其方法作为研究的案例研究，并有机会在组织中嵌入一段时间。

Resources for the conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services are invariably limited and need to be spatially allocated (a place-based approach) to greatest effect. However, evaluating often multiple policy and management options is commonly extremely challenging, because of conflicting and interacting values and objectives of different stakeholders, and frequently incomplete information. Systematic conservation planning (SCP) and related approaches have been employed widely to provide support for such decision-making. In particular, they enable the consequences of alternative explicit assumptions and weightings of different considerations to be formally compared and contrasted, and often portrayed in map form. However, whilst it is clear that some allocations of resources for biodiversity and ecosystem conservation are more beneficial to human communities (including in terms of health and wellbeing) and are more socially acceptable, the integration of social data into SCP has thus far been limited.This studentship will explore the integration of social data on individuals' benefits from, and attitudes and expectations towards, the natural environment into SCP for England. First, it will evaluate the appropriateness of, and ways of handling, different kinds of social data in the context of such tools. This will include addressing issues such as the application of 'benefits transfer' techniques that are widely employed in the context of environmental data, and issues of spatial context (e.g. views of nature) that may be rather different from those relevant to environmental data per se. Second, it will integrate key social data sets (e.g. such as ones derived from Natural England's People and Nature Survey) into SCP to examine some current significant strategic planning issues, particularly the consequences for the spatial allocations of resources for biodiversity and ecosystem conservation (such as those embodied in Local Nature Recovery Strategies, tree-planting targets and net gain) of addressing the health and wellbeing benefits of nature, the social acceptability of options, and of reducing the potential for environmental and social injustice, and the potential of an SCP approach for anticipating un-intended consequences of environmental change.This project is a partnership between Natural England and the University of Exeter RENEW project 'Individuals' theme, and the student will work closely with Natural England, use its approaches as a case study for the research, and have opportunities to be embedded in the organisation for a period.