Female Juvenile Offenders: Differentiating Mechanisms of Violence Risk by Race

最近女性实施的暴力行为的增加促使研究人员和政策进行了实证审查 制作者努力为干预和预防方案提供信息。即使女性罪犯仍然 与男性罪犯相比，青少年逮捕的比例较小，他们利用了不成比例的 司法和社会服务系统内的资源数量。此外，有据可查的种族 更广泛的刑事司法系统中存在的差距(即非裔美国人比例过高 女性少年犯(相对于高加索人)也存在。然而，人们对此知之甚少 导致非洲反社会行为的不同机制，特别是心理社会风险因素 美国和高加索女孩。这项拟议的研究超越了将女性罪犯视为 同质性群体，以努力推断基于种族的差异对相同风险因素的反应。 具体地说，我们将研究过去接触暴力的经历--作为目击者和受害者--是否预示着 未来的暴力行为，以及这条途径在非洲裔美国人和 高加索人。 这项拟议的研究利用了对暴力青少年女性罪犯进行深入研究的纵向数据。 第一波数据是从弗吉尼亚州每一个被判处安全监护权的女孩那里收集的 在18个月(2003年6月至2004年11月)期间。第二波数据收集是最新的 正在进行中；正在对已从安全拘留中释放的GID进行面谈 至少6个月。第一和第二波包括对受害、暴力行为的全面评估 观察，攻击，以及暴力行为，使用多信息者，多方法研究 设计。拟议的研究将利用这两波数据，并检查不同的风险反应 非裔美国人(n=67)和高加索人(n=53)之间存在女性罪犯。 这项研究的目的是(1)记录以下人群中暴力暴露的流行率、长期性和形式 非裔美国人和高加索青少年女性罪犯；(2)评估特定种族的互动路径 在目睹和经历暴力之间；以及(3)检查特定种族的风险模型 正如之前的暴力曝光所预测的那样，未来的暴力行为。调查不同之处 导致反社会行为的反应对于阐明适当的干预措施是必要的。这个 这些发现的影响尤其与服务于这些高危人群的公共卫生系统有关 女性。

The recent rise in female perpetrated violence has prompted empirical scrutiny by researchers and policy makers in an effort to inform interventions and prevention programs. Even though female offenders still comprise a smaller percentage of juvenile arrests relative to male offenders, they utilize a disproportionate number of resources within the justice and social service systems. Furthermore, the well-documented racial disparities that exist in the broader criminal justice system (i.e. an over-representation of African-Americans relative to Caucasians) also exist with female juvenile offenders. However, little is known regarding the differential mechanisms, particularly the psychosocial risk factors, which lead to antisocial behavior in African American and Caucasian girls. The proposed study moves beyond treating female offenders as a homogenous group in an effort to extrapolate race-based differences in responses to the same risk factors. Specifically, we will examine whether exposure to past violence--both as a witnessor a victim--predicts perpetration of future violence, and whether this pathway functions differently among AfricanAmericans and Caucasians. The proposed study utilizes longitudinal data from an in-depth study on violent adolescent female offenders. Wave I data were collected from every girl in the state of Virginia who was sentenced to secure custody during an 18 month (June, 2003 to November, 2004) time period.Wave II data collection is current underway; interviews are being conducted with gids who have been released from secure custody for a minimum of 6 months. Waves I and II consists of a comprehensive assessment of victimization, violence observation, and aggression, as well as violence perpetration using a multi-informant, multi-method research design. The proposed study will utilize both Waves of data and examine whether a differential risk response exists between African American (n = 67) and Caucasian (n = 53) female offenders. The aims of the study are to (1) document the prevalence, chronicity, and form of violence exposure among African-American and Caucasian juvenile female offenders; (2) assess race-specific interactive pathways between witnessing and experiencing violence over time; and (3) examine race-specific risk models on future violence perpetration as predicted by previous violence exposure. Investigating the differential responses that lead to antisocial behavior is necessary to elucidate the appropriate interventions. The implications of these findings are particularly pertinent to the public health system which serves these high-risk females.