Measuring Preferences in Social Surveys

说明（由申请者提供）：将在以住户为基础的纵向调查中制定、测试和实施在以人口为基础的社会经济调查中衡量个人偏好的创新方法。重点将放在人际偏好，对风险的态度和跨时间的偏好。这些偏好领域在许多个人和家庭行为模式中发挥着关键作用，但在社会经济调查中很少明确衡量。该项目将在填补这一空白方面取得进展。借鉴已成功应用于实验社会科学文献的方法，研究对象将参加精心控制，精心设计的行为实验。受试者的报酬是基于他们的决定，这使得他们歪曲自己的偏好付出了高昂的代价。这些优惠措施将得到认真验证，并将作为“黄金标准”。同样的方法将适用于以家庭为基础的环境，在第二轮家庭调查中进行广泛测试和实地调查，以衡量同样的3类偏好。调查的措施将与“黄金标准”进行比较。基线住户调查将使用假设性问题和完善的调查工具，从相同的答卷人收集关于相同偏好领域的信息。这些偏好措施将与两套基于实验的措施进行比较。所有偏好的衡量标准都将根据两轮住户调查收集的丰富信息对个人和家庭行为的预测进行验证。家庭内部个体资源的实验诱导变化将进一步阐明这些偏好测量对理解个人和家庭行为的贡献。因此，该项目将全面评价在今后的人口住户调查中采用试验性偏好措施的可行性、成本和效益。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Innovative methods for the measurement of preferences of individuals in population-based socio-economic surveys will be developed, tested and implemented in a longitudinal household-based survey. The focus will be on inter-personal preferences, attitudes towards risk and inter-temporal preferences. These domains of preferences play a key role in many models of individual and family behavior, yet they are seldom explicitly measured in socio-economic surveys. This project will make progress towards filling that gap. Drawing on methods that have been successfully applied in the experimental social science literature, study subjects will participate in carefully-controlled, well-designed behavioral experiments. Subjects are paid based on their decisions, making it costly for them to misrepresent their preferences. These measures of preferences will be carefully validated and will serve as a "gold standard". The same methodology will be adapted to a household-based setting, extensively tested and fielded in the second round of a household survey to measure the same 3 classes of preferences. The measures from the survey will be compared with the "gold standard". The baseline household survey will collect information on the same preference domains from the same respondents using hypothetical questions and well-developed survey instruments. These preferences measures will be compared with the two sets of experimental-based measures. All the measures of preferences will be validated against predictions about behaviors of individuals and families drawing on the richness of information collected in two rounds of the household survey. Experimentally induced variation in individual resources within households will shed additional light on the contributions of these measures of preferences to understanding individual and family behavior. The project will, thereby, provide a thorough evaluation of the feasibility, costs and benefits of including experimental based measures of preferences in future population-based household surveys.