Predicting future cultural and natural heritage scenarios on common land. NERC RENEW PhD Studentship 2022/23Project Information:

英格兰旱地系统的普通人越来越多地被要求提供公共产品，即生态系统服务，如碳固存、水质调节、维护生物多样性和景观美学。公共土地涵盖了我们最受欢迎和生态丰富的大片景观，以及我们20%的SSSI，因此是提供生态系统服务和保护英格兰生物多样性的关键。由于榆树的引入迫在眉睫，租户农民和共有土地的所有者面临着新的管理决策，这些决策影响到自然和文化遗产以及土地所支持的生计。这个博士项目将调查个人和集体农民决策对大片高地公地的自然和文化遗产的影响。博士学位将是跨学科的，发展对政策、社会资本、环境变化和数字技术如何激励农民决策，以及这些决策如何影响共同旱地支持的生态系统服务和生物多样性的综合理解。我们将重点关注湖区联合国教科文组织世界遗产，特别是巴特梅尔瀑布和金尼赛德共同遗址。我们的合作伙伴正在与这些领域的农民合作，了解如何最好地激励遗产改进。我们将利用这些不断增长的知识，并反馈给农业社区和合作伙伴。目的：与普通人共同开发可能的管理情景，调查新兴政策和创新技术对决策的影响，根据管理决策和气候变化模型管理情景下的关键生态系统服务(可能是碳封存)模拟德韦特和金尼赛德未来的植被情景模拟管理情景的生物多样性后果(繁殖鸟类和稀有植物分布)。榆树设计对公共土地方案的模型影响，涵盖了产权分配、SSSI指定和农场业务驱动因素的影响。探索租户农民和其他普通人如何使用预测来为管理决策提供信息，土地所有者(即国家信托基金)如何从战略上协调管理，并为将农场碳工具包扩展到公共土地提供信息。博士学位将由埃克塞特大学、国家信托基金(NT)、共同土地基金会(FCL)/坎布里亚大学国家公园和保护区中心联合监督，并最初得到我们的Upland Commons项目的支持。这名学生将主要在美国埃克塞特大学的彭林校区工作，但会在坎布里亚大学安布尔赛德校区的FCL团队中度过一段时间。

Commoners on England's upland systems are increasingly being asked to deliver public goods, i.e. ecosystem services such as carbon sequestration, water quality regulation, maintaining biodiversity, and landscape aesthetics. Common land encompasses large tracts of our most well-loved and ecologically rich landscapes, as well as 20% of our SSSIs, and is therefore key to ecosystem service provision and biodiversity conservation within England. Given the imminent introduction of ELMs, tenant farmers and owners of common land are faced with new management decisions that affect the natural and cultural heritage and livelihoods supported by the land.This PhD project will investigate the consequences of individual and collective farmer decision-making for natural and cultural heritage across large upland commons landscapes. The PhD will be interdisciplinary, developing an integrated understanding of how policy, social capital, environmental change, and digital technology incentivise farmer decision-making, and how the decisions affect the ecosystem services and biodiversity supported by common upland. We will focus on the Lake District UNESCO World Heritage Site, particularly the Buttermere Fells and Kinniside Common. Our partners are working with farmers in these areas to understand how best to incentivise heritage improvement. We will both leverage this growing knowledge and feed back into the farming community and partners.Aims: Co-develop possible management scenarios with commoners, investigating the impact of emerging policy and innovative technology on decision-making Simulate future vegetation scenarios across Derwent and Kinniside based on management decisions and climate change Model a key ecosystem service (likely carbon sequestration) under management scenarios Model biodiversity consequences (breeding bird and rare plant distributions) of management scenarios. Model impacts of ELM design for scheme take up on common land, to cover effect of property rights distribution, SSSI designation and farm business drivers. Explore how the predictions can be used by tenant farmers and other commoners to inform management decisions, by landowners (i.e. the National Trust) to coordinate management strategically, and to inform the extension of the Farm Carbon Toolkit to common land.The PhD would be supervised jointly between the University of Exeter, the National Trust (NT), the Foundation for Common Land (FCL) / Centre for National Parks and Protected Areas at the University of Cumbria, and be initially supported by the Our Upland Commons project. The student would be based primarily at U. Exeter's Penryn campus, but would spend time embedded within the FCL team on the University of Cumbria's Ambleside campus.