Control and Quantitation of Pulmonary Contusion

说明(改编自申请人S摘要)：问题说明：肺挫伤患者死亡率为10%-25%，发病率较高，三分之二以上到急诊室手术的患者发生肺挫伤。此外，肺挫伤在儿童和老年人中涉及不同的结果。然而，即使在正常成年人中，肺挫伤在临床和生物力学上也是钝性创伤所致的最不为人所知的损伤之一。 方法：研究人群为雄性Wistar大鼠， 挫伤模型存在，但发展不够成熟。收集与肺挫伤相关的临床和生物学数据以及新的工程数据的多学科团队的数据将被用来回答特定目标中的假设。 目的1：控制肺挫伤。假设：挫伤可以根据挫伤肺的体积和损伤的严重程度来控制。目的2：对肺挫伤进行量化。假设：肺损伤的体积和严重程度与输入能量呈正相关。目的3：制定肺挫伤的有限元损伤指标。假设：基于有限元的损伤度量将应力和应变与输入能量联系起来，反映了挫伤体积和损伤的严重程度。 预防启示：从生物力学角度讲，该模型可用于开发干预措施，以保护机动车乘员、跌倒儿童等免受肺挫伤的伤害。在临床上，该模型可用于评估急性护理环境下的治疗策略。这项研究在多学科方法上具有创新性：它将生物力学添加到临床和基础科学研究中，允许对肺挫伤进行量化控制和测量，这是以前从未实现的。这是通过将现代仪器和最先进的生物力学计算机代码与机构中由临床医生进行的基本损伤研究相结合而成为可能的。

DESCRIPTION (adapted from applicant(s abstract): Statement of the problem: Mortality of patients with pulmonary contusions is 10-25%, with higher morbidity, and over two thirds of patients presenting to the emergency room for surgery have sustained a pulmonary contusion. Additionally, pulmonary contusion involves different outcomes in children and older adults. Yet, even in normal adults pulmonary contusion is clinically and biomechanically one of the least well understood injuries resulting from blunt trauma. Methods: The study population is Male Wistar rats, for which a pulmonary contusion injury model exists but is not well developed. Data from a multidisciplinary team gathering clinical and biological data relating to pulmonary contusion, as well as new engineering data will be used to answer the hypotheses in the Specific Aims. Aim 1: Control pulmonary contusion in the lung. Hypothesis: Contusion injury can be controlled in terms of volume of contused lung and severity of injury. Aim 2: Quantitate pulmonary contusion in the lung. Hypothesis: Volume and severity of lung injury can be positively correlated to input energy. Aim 3: Formulate finite element injury metrics of pulmonary contusion. Hypothesis: A finite element-based injury metric relating stress and strain to input energy is reflective of contused volume and severity of injury. Implications for prevention: Biomechanically, the model can be used to develop interventions to protect motor vehicle occupants, children involved in falls, etc. from sustaining a pulmonary contusion. Clinically, the model can be used to evaluate treatment strategies for the acute care setting. The research is innovative in its multidisciplinary approach: it adds biomechanics to clinical and basic science research, allowing quantifiable control and measurement of pulmonary contusion injury which has not been previously achieved. It is made possible by combining modern instrumentation and state of the art biomechanical computer codes with basic injury research at the institution performed by clinicians.