Novel heated concrete infrastructure

混凝土基础设施容易受到打滑、冰雪造成的破坏。目前防止冰雪积聚的方法对环境有害，或已被证明会破坏基础设施表面，导致大量维护成本，如果这种破坏未被发现，将使社会处于危险之中。基础设施运营商已经表达了强烈的愿望，希望利用透水混凝土技术作为保持路面畅通的手段。透水混凝土路面会排出地表水，使雨水能够穿过不透水的基础设施。但是，由于过早堵塞而导致的频繁维护会降低性能和使用寿命，这对于活动基础设施来说很难执行。最重要的是，传统的透水混凝土路面强度低，不适合基础设施使用。下一代抗堵塞透水混凝土路面（CRP，也称为Kiacrete）已经开发出来，能够解决所有这些问题。这个博士项目是在弹性可持续基础设施集团（https://www.imperial.ac.uk/resilient-sustainable-infrastructure/）内进行的，目的是测试不同加热系统通过CRP传递热量的可行性和效率：i)帝国理工学院开发的新型测试平台，ii)小型和大型数值模拟，以及iii)纽卡斯尔大学国家绿色基础设施设施的大型现场。

Concrete infrastructure are vulnerable to disruptions caused by hydroplaning, ice and snow. The current methods for preventing ice/snow build-up are detrimental to the environment or have been shown to damage infrastructure surfaces, leading to significant maintenance costs and putting society at risk if such damage goes undetected. Infrastructure operators have expressed a strong desire to utilise permeable concrete technology as a means of keeping pavements clear.Permeable concrete pavements drain surface water, enabling storm water to pass through otherwise impermeable infrastructure. However, the frequent maintenance required due to premature clogging, which degrades performance and service life, would be difficult to perform for active infrastructure. Most importantly, conventional permeable concrete pavements have low strength, making them unsuited for infrastructure use. A next generation clogging resistant permeable concrete pavement (CRP, also referred to as Kiacrete) has been developed which is capable of addressing all of these issues. The aim of this PhD project within the Resilient Sustainable Infrastructure Group (https://www.imperial.ac.uk/resilient-sustainable-infrastructure/) is to test the viability and efficiency of incorporating different heating systems in transferring heat through CRP using: i) novel test rigs developed at Imperial College, ii) small and large scale numerical modelling and iii) large-scale field sites at National Green Infrastructure Facility in Newcastle University.