Design, build and test of helium ion and gamma irradiation flow loop

摘要：本项目研究先进的乏核燃料分离工艺在工业相关条件下的辐射稳定性。关于辐射对分离过程影响的基本知识是必要的，以支持工业后处理厂规模的过程的性能和可行性。在英国，收集这种信息的能力仅限于少数几个机构和技术，仅限于简单的实验安排，这些安排没有充分纳入真实分离过程中发生的亲密混合的细微差别。然而，最近的研究表明，混合两相系统的辐射稳定性与单独的相或静态混合物的辐照相比有所不同。项目范围：该PHD项目将开发一种可用于混合相系统的伽马和氦离子辐照的模块化辐照测试回路(将既适合于普通类型的辐照器，也具有适合于光束线终端站使用的窗口)。该项目包括设计、建造和测试一个定制的新英国能力，具有合适的、多功能的在线采样和分析能力。最终的系统将包括溶剂萃取系统的所有普通方面：沉淀罐/分离罐、温度控制、混合区和流动回路。然后，该项目将继续进行在英国和国际上设计和开发的辐照和测试系统的实验计划，提供有关辐射耐受性、物理化学性质变化和过程中使用的数据。预期影响：-新的独特的英国能力，这也将为未来的国内和国际合作提供基础；-将用于支持下一代溶剂提取过程的数据，特别是：-评估以前静态辐照实验的有效性。这些成果将有助于高质量的研究出版物；-在水相过程不再可行和可能需要熔盐技术的情况下确定剂量限制；-继续振兴英国提取过程中的辐射化学：-PHD建立在以前ARIS资助的和AFCP在道尔顿坎布里安设施(DCF)进行的研究的基础上；-PHD将促进DCF正在进行的旨在设计和开发简单模块化辐射实验系统(Smores)的活动并从中受益；-证明英国在国际舞台上在溶剂提取中的辐射影响方面的能力；-增加英国对在线监测核过程中气体和液体生产的知识

Summary: This project investigates the radiation stability of advanced spent nuclear fuel separation processes under industrially relevant conditions. Fundamental knowledge on the effect of radiation on separations processes is necessary in order to underpin the performance and viability of processes at an industrial reprocessing plant scale. The ability to gather this information in the UK is limited to a few institutions and techniques are limited to simple experimental arrangements that do not adequately incorporate the nuances of intimate mixing that occurs in real separations processes. However, recent studies show that mixed biphasic systems show differences in the radiation stability compared with irradiation of the separate phases or static mixtures.Scope of the project: This PhD project will develop a modular irradiation test loop that can be used for both gamma and helium ion irradiations of mixed phase systems (will fit both inside common irradiator types and have a window suitable for use on beamline end stations). The project involves designing, building and testing a bespoke new UK capability with suitable, versatile online sampling and analytical capabilities. The final system will contain all the normal facets of a solvent extraction system; settling/separation tanks, temperature control, mixing regions and a flow loop. The project will then move on to an experimental programme of irradiating and testing systems designed and developed both in the UK and internationally, providing data on the radiation tolerance, changes to the physicochemical properties and use within the process. Expected Impact:- New unique UK capability that will also provide a basis for future collaborations nationally and internationally; - Data to be used to underpin next generation solvent extraction processes and particularly: - To assess the validity of previous static irradiation experiments. The results will contribute to high quality research publications;- The determination of the dose limit where aqueous processes are no longer viable and molten salt techniques may be required;- Continue to revitalize radiation chemistry in extraction processes in the UK:- The PhD builds on previous ARIS-funded and AFCP research undertaken at Dalton Cumbrian Facility (DCF);- The PhD will contribute to and benefit from the ongoing activities in DCF aimed at design and development of Simple MOdular Radiation Experimental Systems (SMORES);- Demonstrable UK's capability on international stage with respect to radiation effects in solvent extraction;- Increase UK's knowledge around online monitoring of gas and liquid production in nuclear processes