Ibn Taymiyya & Natural Theology: A Fitra-Based Approach

这个项目的中心是自然神学（NT）的概念。在表面层面上，新台币可以理解为一个调查的存在和性质的上帝没有上诉神的启示（布伦特2008年）。虽然这个相当简单的新台币帐户捕捉到它的基本特征的东西，它也未能做到公正的事实，即许多不同的方法，新台币已制定了整个哲学史（参见，Sudduth 2009; Kojonen 2017;麦格拉思2017）。在当代哲学的宗教（PoR），性质的新台币已在很大程度上被认为是参考基督教传统。鉴于目前由Yujin Nagasawa领导的“全球宗教哲学”项目，以及许多宗教哲学家的普遍愿望，即冒险考虑其他宗教传统中嵌入的思想，该项目旨在参与14世纪伊斯兰神学家Taqi al-Din Ibn Taymiyya的思想。伊本·泰米耶是一位有趣的中世纪人物，他经常与伊斯兰传统中的主要神学（kalam）和哲学（falsafa）趋势发生冲突，特别是关于认识论和NT（参见，Hoover 2019）。因此，该项目旨在了解他与当时思想家的交往以及发展到当代的各种NT模型的NT模型的性质。从本质上讲，它旨在解决以下研究问题：（1）伊本·泰米亚通过与神学家和哲学家的历史性接触，发展了什么样的模式或方法来做新台币？以及（2）考虑到当今的PoR，如何开发Taymiyyan方法来NT？该项目的目标也不仅仅是考虑伊本·泰米亚对NT的历史性方法，以及NT的当代泰米亚模型的发展。它还寻求更普遍地促进伊斯兰分析PoR的发展。事实上，该项目的一个中心目标是将伊本·泰米亚等中世纪穆斯林思想家提出的新思想“翻译”到分析哲学的概念框架中。它旨在将这些历史思想嵌入分析哲学的语言中，同时在大多数情况下忠于相关思想背后的中央直觉，分析，检查甚至支持当代哲学语言中的相应论点。因此，它旨在作为伊斯兰分析PoR的案例研究，并为其方法奠定基础。从这个意义上说，该项目将有真正的影响，在PoR内的一个新的和利基学科的发展。该项目的方法更一般的方法，旨在利用两种比较方法：画平行线，建立联系，并找到重叠的领域。同时与相关的主要和次要文献作为哲学论证的来源，可以开发，调整，并在Taymiyyan方法的发展中借鉴做NT。

This project centres on the notion of natural theology (NT). At the surface level, NT may be understood as a programme of enquiry into the existence and nature of God without appeal to divine revelation (Brent 2008). Although this rather simple account of NT captures something of its basic character, it also fails to do justice to the fact that many different approaches to NT have been developed throughout the history of philosophy (cf., Sudduth 2009; Kojonen 2017; McGrath 2017). In the contemporary philosophy of religion (PoR), the nature of NT has for the most part been considered with reference to the Christian tradition. In light of the current "Global Philosophy of Religion" project headed by Yujin Nagasawa, and the general desire among many philosophers of religion to venture out into considering ideas embedded within other religious traditions, this project seeks to engage the ideas of the 14th century Islamic theologian, Taqi al-Din Ibn Taymiyya (d. 1328 C.E).Ibn Taymiyya stands as an intriguing medieval figure who often ran up against the grain of the major theological (kalam) and philosophical (falsafa) trends within the Islamic tradition, especially concerning epistemology and NT (cf., Hoover 2019). As such, the project seeks to understand the nature of the model of NT that he offered with respect to both his engagement with the thinkers of his day and the various models of NT that have developed up to the contemporary period. In essence, it aims to address the following research questions: (1) what sort of model or approach to doing NT did Ibn Taymiyya develop through his historic engagement with theologians and philosophers? And (2) how might a Taymiyyan approach to NT be developed considering contemporary PoR today?The goal of the project is also broader than the mere consideration of Ibn Taymiyya's historic approach to NT, and the development of a contemporary Taymiyyan model of NT. It also seeks to facilitate the development of Islamic analytic PoR more generally. Indeed, a central goal of the project is to "translate" novel ideas offered by medieval Muslim thinkers such as Ibn Taymiyya, into the conceptual framework of analytic philosophy. It aims to embed those historic ideas within the language of analytic philosophy, and whilst remaining for the most part true to central intuitions behind the relevant ideas, analyse, examine and even bolster the respective arguments in contemporary philosophical language. As such, it aims to act as both a case study in Islamic analytic PoR and a basis for grounding its method. In this sense, the project would have genuine impact in the development of a new and niche discipline within PoR.The methodological approach of the project more generally, aims to utilise both comparative methods: drawing parallels, making connections, and finding areas of overlap. Whilst at the same engaging with the relevant primary and secondary literature as sources for philosophical argument that can be developed, attuned, and drawn upon in the development of a Taymiyyan approach to doing NT.