"Rôl y Gymraeg mewn mentrau gweithredu cymunedol - The role of Welsh in community action initiatives"

“在像威尔士这样的双语国家，把母语当作次要语言会有什么影响？双言症会引发冲突，包括强烈的内群体-外群体对立。在社区集会等公共交流环境中，不同的态度、语言背景和技能相遇。根据经验，在这种情况下，威尔士语的使用是必不可少的;许多当地人会拒绝参与主要通过英语进行讨论的行动，尽管他们对英语有着清晰的理解。他们可能既不觉得自己被包括在内，也不被鼓励参与。然而，语言媒介和参与之间的联系的多样性在学术文献中没有得到很好的理解。该项目将通过标准的社会语言学方法（调查、访谈、观察、话语分析）来解决这一差距。"

"What are the effects of treating a native language as secondary in a bilingual country like Wales? Diglossia can induce conflicts, including strongly experienced ingroup-outgroup oppositions. In public communication settings like community assemblies, diverse attitudes, language backgrounds and skills meet. From experience, the use of Welsh is essential in this context; many locals would refuse to participate in an action that was discussed primarily through the medium of English, despite having a clear understanding of it. They may neither feel included nor encouraged to engage. However, the diversity of links between linguistic medium and engagement are not well understood in academic literature. This project will address this gap through standard sociolinguistic methodologies (surveys, interviews, observation, discourse analysis)."