Restoration of riparian habitats on sugarcane plantations for bird diversity, bird - regulated ecosystem services (cont)

在农村热带景观中减缓和适应气候变化，坦桑尼亚为满足日益增长的粮食需求而为农业集约化而进行的土地利用变化是热带地区栖息地丧失和碎片化的主要驱动因素。导致生物多样性丧失水平的增加和对生态系统功能的不利影响。然而，高水平的农业生产力被认为对减少贫困水平和确保粮食安全很重要，尤其是在撒哈拉以南非洲的农村地区。河岸栖息地毗邻河流和淡水水道，横穿农田，为农作物提供水源，由于人类入侵和农业扩张，河岸生境日益退化。这些栖息地是水生和陆地之间的过渡地带。它们很重要，特别是在农业景观中，因为它们支持高水平的生物多样性，并提供一系列生态系统服务。因此，发展退化的河岸生境的可持续恢复，使农业生产力高，同时保持其功能，对于确保农业利益攸关方群体、当地社区的健康和福祉以及生物多样性具有积极意义。关于热带地区河岸带的研究主要集中在水质和水文学上。相比之下，在提供有益的生态系统服务(如生物多样性管制的病虫害防治、侵蚀控制)、有害生物(如农作物病虫害物种)和维持野生动物景观连通性方面，研究这些生境的有效性的研究有限。这项研究将集中在坦桑尼亚的Kilombero山谷，这是一个农业景观，那里的甘蔗种植规模既有工业规模，也有自给自足的规模。其目的是解决围绕河岸带的关键知识差距，特别是评估其对景观连通性、生物多样性以及提供生物多样性管制的生态系统服务和危害的影响。此外，它将寻求整合社会经济和生态证据，与利益攸关方，特别是工业和小农合作，为景观内河岸带的恢复办法和管理干预措施提供信息。

Title cont - and climate change mitigation and adaptation in rural tropical landscapes, TanzaniaLand use change for agricultural intensification to meet increasing food demands is a main driver of habitat loss and fragmentation within tropical regions. Leading to increased levels of biodiversity loss and adverse impacts to ecosystem functionality. However, high levels of agricultural productivity are considered important to reducing poverty levels and ensuring food security, particularly in the rural areas of Sub-Saharan Africa. Riparian habitats, adjacent to rivers and freshwater channels traversing through farmed land and providing water for crops, are subject to increasing degradation due to human encroachment and agricultural expansion. These habitats are transitional zones between aquatic and terrestrial areas. They are important, particularly within farming landscapes, due to the high levels of biodiversity they support and range of ecosystem services they provide. Therefore, developing sustainable restoration of degraded riparian habitats that allows for high agricultural productivity whilst maintaining their functionality will be pertinent for ensuring positive outcomes for farming stakeholder groups, local community health and well-being and biodiversity. Largely, research regarding riparian zones in tropical regions has focussed on water quality and hydrology. Contrastingly, there is limited research to address the effectiveness of these habitats for the provision of beneficial ecosystem services (e.g. biodiversity regulated pest control, erosion control), disservices (e.g. crop pest species) and for maintaining landscape connectivity for wildlife. This research will focus on the Kilombero Valley, Tanzania, an agricultural landscape where sugarcane is farmed at both an industrial and subsistence scale. It aims to address key knowledge gaps surrounding riparian zones, specifically assessing their influence on landscape connectivity, biodiversity and provision of biodiversity-regulated ecosystem services and disservices. Furthermore, it will look to integrate socio-economic and ecological evidence, collaborating with stakeholders, specifically industry and small-holder farmers, to inform restoration approaches and management interventions for riparian zones within the landscape.