Preventing vaccine nationalism during a pandemic: lessons from collective security

必须公平地部署疫苗；这样做可以挽救生命、结束大流行并确保正义，特别是对那些生活在低收入国家的人来说。然而，疫苗接种主义是实现这一点的一个重大障碍；高收入者囤积的疫苗超过了他们的需求，而世界上最贫穷国家的数亿人却没有疫苗。这个项目考察了国际法在多大程度上能够纠正这种不公正，迫使高收入者避免参与疫苗接种主义，并以一种合作的方式采取行动，将集体安全--在这种情况下，疫苗公平--优先于他们自己的国家安全和自身利益。它审查了在军备控制等其他国际法律制度中取得成功的集体安全概念在多大程度上适用于代表，这项研究具有重要意义，因为它阐明了集体安全问题是如何在国际法中形成和框定的。然后，这些经验教训将被应用于疫苗民族主义问题，以确定国际法未来是否以及如何解决这一问题。这个项目的及时性怎么强调都不为过；目前它的影响潜力最大。世卫组织成员国目前正在就《大流行条约》进行谈判，疫苗公平是其预定目标的核心。该项目的调查结果旨在影响这些谈判和国际法的发展。

Vaccines must be deployed equitably; to do so saves lives,ends the pandemic, and ensures justice, notably for thoseliving in low-income countries. However, vaccinenationalism is a significant barrier to this; high-incomenations hoard more vaccines than they require, whilehundreds of millions of people in the world's poorestcountries go without.This project examines to what extent international law iscapable of correcting this injustice by compelling highincomenations to refrain from engaging in vaccinenationalism, and to act in a collaborative manner thatprioritises collective security - in this case, vaccine equity -over their own national security and self-interest. Itexamines the extent to which notions of collective security,which have been successful in other international legalregimes, such as arms control, are applicable to the presentissue.This research is significant as it articulates how collectivesecurity problems are developed and framed withininternational law. These lessons will then be applied to theissue of vaccine nationalism to determine if and howinternational law can address this in the future. Thetimeliness of this project cannot be overstated; its potentialfor impact is currently at its largest. WHO Member statesare currently negotiating the Pandemic Treaty, with vaccineequity being central to its intended aims. The findings ofthis project aim to impact these negotiations and thedevelopment of international law.