Criminals and Protectors: The Multiple Meanings of Gun Possession Among Palestinians in Israel

本研究探讨了以色列的巴勒斯坦阿拉伯公民（PCIs）所经历的无证枪支的社会意义。枪支作为政治抵抗和殖民控制的博塔工具，长期以来一直是巴勒斯坦人生活的一部分。然而，在过去的十年里，枪支有了更多的含义：尽管警察的存在同时增加，大多数施暴者和受害者都是年轻人（Darweish et al. 2020）-在定居者殖民政权下的其他种族化社区中的一种模式（Fanon，2002年）.这一矛盾现象使阿拉伯地区成为“无法无天”的地区，枪支无处不在。新的社会规范和生物政治正在重塑个人信息中心与枪支共存的方式;父权制传统正在主导枪支暴力话语;将枪支拥有与男子气概联系起来的身份正在得到滋养。执法不力消除了阿拉伯地区安全和不安全空间的二分法，产生了对枪支的不稳定看法;它可以因造成暴力而受到谴责，被容忍为保护手段，或被称赞为政治抵抗。国家的观点也同样不稳定，在“阿拉伯人对阿拉伯人”的犯罪中无视枪支，但在用于对付犹太人时却将其安全化。这项研究将揭示这些现象，

This research explores the social meanings of unlicensed guns as experienced by Palestinian Arab Citizens of Israel(PCIs). Guns have long been part of Palestinian life as botha tool of political resistance and of colonial control. Overthe past decade, however, guns have taken on additional meanings: gun crime and possession have drastically increased in PCI communities despite a simultaneous increase in police presence, with most perpetrators and victims being young men (Darweish et al. 2020) - a pattern paralleled in other racialized communities under settler colonial regimes (Fanon 2002).This paradox has turned Arab localities into 'lawless' zones where guns are pervasive objects. New societal norms and biopolitics are reshaping the way PCIs live with the gun; patriarchal traditions are dominating the gun violencediscourse; and identities linking gun possession with manhood are being nourished. Negligent law enforcement has erased the dichotomy of safe and unsafe spaces in Arab localities, generating fluid perceptions of the gun; itcan be condemned for inflicting violence, tolerated as a means of protection, or praised as political resistance. The state's views are similarly fluid, disregarding guns in 'Arab-on-Arab' crimes yet securitizing them when used against Jews. This study will unpack these phenom