Implications of BR-174 blockage in the Waimiri-Atroari Indigenous Reserve for biodiversity conservation and community governance

该项目旨在调查Waimiri-Atroari(佤邦)土著社区BR-174堵塞对缓解亚马逊森林生物多样性丧失的贡献。BR-174是一条穿越巴西领土的高速公路，是在独裁统治期间修建的，作为殖民亚马逊森林的政策，由于武装冲突，导致近3000名土著死亡。40多年来，佤邦社区作为一种抵抗措施，每天都会封锁他们领土内的BR-174路段。然而，这种封锁代表着未知的生态影响和与政府和私营部门的重大社会冲突。在生态方面，很少进行研究来量化亚马逊森林中被撞死的动物的数量，而目前该地区道路扩建和砍伐森林的情况日益严重，对生物多样性保护构成威胁。在这个项目中，我们将通过评估保护区内外的道路死亡人数以及屏障效应对当地哺乳动物的影响来评估BR-174堵塞对生物多样性保护的影响。从社会角度来看，我们还将通过与佤邦社区成员的访谈来评估封闭道路的动机，了解新的治理结构是如何形成的，以及成功或失败的主要驱动因素。因此，该项目将为围绕道路扩建的可能政策提供信息，这些政策可能会将野生动物和人类的成本降至最低。

This project aims to investigate the contribution of the BR-174 blockage by the Waimiri-Atroari (WA) indigenous community in mitigating biodiversity loss in the Amazon Forest. The BR-174, a highway that crosses the Brazilian territory, was built during the dictatorship as a policy to colonize the Amazon Forest and caused the death of almost 3,000 indigenous due to armed conflicts. For over 40 years, the WA community has blocked daily access to the stretch of the BR-174 inside their territory as a resistance measure. However, this blockage represents unknown ecological impacts and significant social conflicts with the government and the private sector. On the ecological side,very few studies were conducted to quantify animal roadkill in the Amazon Forest, while the current context of increasing road expansion and deforestation in the region represents a threat to biodiversity conservation. In thisproject, we will evaluate the impacts of the BR-174 blockage on biodiversity conservation by assessing the number of roadkill inside and outside the reserve and the influence of the barrier effect on the local mammals. From a social perspective, we will also evaluate the motivations for the road closure through interviews with the WA community members and understand how new governance structures are formed and the main drivers of success orfailure. As a result, the project will inform possible policies around road expansion that could minimize the costs for wildlife and people.