Over the incalculable gulf: freedom after Kant's Critique of Judgment

在一个由物理定律统治的世界里，我们如何才能自由呢？这一问题贯穿于康德的哲学思想之中，他对这一问题的洞察具有重要的价值。通过这个项目，我的目标是研究他最神秘的作品之一--《判断力批判》--并认为它与我们现代关于自由的辩论非常相关。特别是，我要说的是，他的生物学理论--他认为有机体是以一种相当奇怪的方式适用于物理定律的生物--可以极大地用于重新构建我们关于自由的辩论。正是因为我们活着，我们才有可能在这个世界上行动，从而获得自由。

How can we be free in a world ruled by the laws of physics? This issue runs through the philosophy of Immanuel Kant, and his insight into it of great value. With this project, I aim to study one of his most enigmatic works - the Critique of Judgment - and argue that it is very relevant to our modern debates on freedom. In particular, I will claim that his theory of biology, where he regards organisms as beings for whom the laws of physics hold in a rather strange way, can be of great use to reframe our debates around freedom. It is the fact that we are alive that makes it possible that we can act in the world, and, thus, be free.