Infrared spectroscopy as a novel diagnostic tool for periodontitis

描述（由申请人提供）：牙周炎是一种常见的破坏性牙齿支撑结构的疾病;是包括血管疾病和肺部疾病在内的严重全身性疾病的危险因素;并且是美国健康资金的巨大消费者（> 140亿美元/年）。然而，牙周炎的诊断是有问题的。由于牙周炎的复杂性，我们预测，可能需要一个全球性的方法来测量疾病过程，以提供诊断解决方案。我们假设（1）组织血红蛋白、氧合血红蛋白、组织氧合和灌注、组织水合和组织温度的组合将提供具有位点特异性诊断潜力的牙周炎症的稳健指标;以及（2）龈沟液（GCF）成分的总体概况，其反映了潜在的牙周疾病过程，将导致产生准确和可测试的诊断算法，将区分健康，牙龈炎和牙周炎的网站。近红外光谱（NIRS）可以无创地同时监测多种炎症指标.中红外光谱（MIRS）可用于生成生物液体的分子和亚分子谱。因此，我们计划利用红外技术获得牙周组织和液体的诊断指纹。从红外光谱中提取临床重要数据的最先进方法将使我们能够（A）将每个主要成分关联起来（光谱变化的来源）与关键临床数据（包括标准炎症测量和组织破坏测量）;和（B）确定NIRS和MIRS算法在诊断牙周病中的百分比准确度，沿着灵敏度，特异性和阳性和阴性预测值。这项研究计划的成功完成将为实现长期目标铺平道路，即提供基于IRS的技术，可靠地测量牙周组织状态，并为牙科诊所或牙周手术室提供一种简单，可重复，无试剂，实时诊断设备。红外光谱也可以提供标准化的炎症测量-一个宝贵的，但迄今为止难以捉摸的，牙周病的研究工具。基于IR的成像技术的成功开发可以对我们诊断牙周疾病的方法产生革命性的影响，并对口腔健康支出的分配产生深远的影响。牙周炎的诊断是有问题的。因此，我们希望测试红外光谱作为牙周病诊断工具的潜力。该研究项目的长期目标是提供一种基于IRS的技术，该技术可以可靠地测量牙周组织状态，并为牙科诊所或牙周手术室提供一种简单，可重复，无试剂，实时的诊断设备。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Periodontitis is a common, destructive disease of the supporting structures of the teeth; a risk factor for serious systemic diseases including vascular diseases and lung diseases; and an enormous consumer of American health dollars (>$14 billion / year). However, diagnosis of periodontitis is problematic. Due to the complex nature of periodontitis, we predict that a global approach to the measurement of disease processes may be required to provide a diagnostic solution. We hypothesize that (1) The combination of tissue hemoglobin, oxygenated hemoglobin, tissue oxygenation and perfusion, tissue hydration and tissue temperature will provide a robust indicator of periodontal inflammation with site-specific diagnostic potential; and that (2) Global profiling of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) constituents, which reflect underlying periodontal disease processes, will lead to the generation of accurate and testable diagnostic algorithms that will differentiate healthy, gingivitis, and periodontitis sites. Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) can simultaneously monitor multiple inflammatory indices non- invasively. Mid-Infrared spectroscopy (MIRS) can be used to generate molecular and sub- molecular profiles of biological fluids. Therefore, we plan to use infrared technology to obtain diagnostic fingerprints of periodontal tissues and fluids. State-of-the-art approaches to the extraction of clinically significant data from IR spectra will allow us to (A) Correlate each principle component (source of spectral variation) to key clinical data (including standard inflammatory measurements and measurements of tissue destruction); and (B) Determine the percentage accuracy of NIRS- and MIRS-algorithms in diagnosing periodontal diseases, along with the sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values. The successful completion of this research plan will pave the way for the long-term goal of delivering IRS- based technology that reliably measures periodontal tissue status and represents a simple, reproducible, reagent-free, real-time diagnostic device for the dental clinic or periodontal operatory. IR spectroscopy may also provide standardized inflammatory measurements - an invaluable, but so far elusive, research tool for periodontics. The successful development of IR-based imaging techniques can have a revolutionary effect on our approach to the diagnosis of periodontal diseases and a profound effect on the distribution of oral health expenditures. Diagnosis of periodontitis is problematic. Therefore, we hope to test the potential of infrared spectroscopy as a diagnostic tool in periodontics. The long-term goal of this research project is to deliver an IRS-based technology that reliably measures periodontal tissue status and represents a simple, reproducible, reagent-free, real-time diagnostic device for the dental clinic or periodontal operatory.