An intellectual history of patriotism in the pan-African intellectual tradition, 1850-1925

这篇论文将探讨泛非知识分子传统中的爱国主义思想史，大约从1850年到1925年。它将在我的大师们的基础上扩展到亚历山大·克拉梅尔和爱德华·布莱登的思想中的语言和知识政治的研究，以考虑来自泛非世界四个关键地理位置的四位关键思想家的爱国主义。围绕部长兼外交家亚历山大·克拉梅尔(Alexander Crummell)(1819-1898)、教育理论家兼外交家爱德华·布莱登(Edward Blyden)(1832-1912)、律师兼小说家约瑟夫·埃夫拉姆·凯斯利·海福德(Joseph Ephraim Casely Hayford)(1866-1930)以及人类学家兼政治家安东纳·菲尔明(Anténor Firmin)(1850-1911)的思想，它将追溯这四位泛非主义之父创造的思想和政治地理。它将特别关注(1)“爱国”的理念如何应对各种民族主义和国际主义项目的得失和妥协；(2)爱国主义如何塑造政治战略；(3)思想家如何将其融入竞选活动，以确保政治秩序或实现政治颠覆；以及(4)思想家如何在追求更广泛的政治目标的过程中与爱国主义伦理作斗争。

This thesis will explore the intellectual history of patriotism in the pan-African intellectual tradition, from circa 1850 to circa1925. It will expand on my masters research into the politics of language and knowledge in the thought of AlexanderCrummell and Edward Blyden to consider patriotism in the work of four key thinkers from four key geographies acrossthe pan-African world. Centring on the thought of minister and diplomat Alexander Crummell (1819-1898), educationaltheorist and diplomat Edward Blyden (1832-1912), lawyer and novelist Joseph Ephraim Casely Hayford (1866-1930),and anthropologist and politician Anténor Firmin (1850-1911), it will trace the idea across the intellectual and politicalgeographies created by these four "fathers" of Pan-Africanism. In particular, it will look at (1) how the idea of "love ofcountry" responded to the gains, losses, and compromises of various nationalist and internationalist projects, (2) howpatriotism shaped political strategy, (3) how thinkers integrated it into campaigns to secure political order or effectpolitical subversion, and (4) how thinkers grappled with the ethics of patriotism in the pursuit of their wider political aims.