Influences of the Diffusion of Psychotropic Medications

描述（由申请人提供）：本申请旨在为制药机构和政策、精神病学临床决策和精神药理学方面的培训寻求职业发展奖励，以便为精神药物的经济研究提供信息。奖励期间包括3项研究，旨在描述新的精神药物在一系列保险环境中的传播特征，包括管理和非管理医疗，全国和几个地方市场，以努力了解新制药技术采用和传播速度的抑制剂和促进者。本申请的具体研究目的是1)描述用于治疗行为健康障碍的主要新药扩散的主要总体模式，2)确定市场特征和精神药物产品及其竞争对手的特征是否影响药物在市场（总体）水平上的扩散，3)开发和测试个体水平上药物扩散的行为模型。培训和研究活动将使候选人能够将当前的研究和来自制药行业的制度知识、药物推广工作和临床文献与经济学学科的理论框架结合起来，以便开始当前心理健康服务研究文献中大部分缺失的重要调查线。四名在该项目关键领域具有专业知识的导师已被选中。北卡罗来纳大学药物政策和评估科学系教授兼系主任戴尔·克里斯滕森博士将担任主要导师，为药物政策和营销提供指导。麻省理工学院经济学教授恩斯特·伯恩特博士、哈佛大学教授理查德·弗兰克博士、杜克大学精神病学和行为科学教授马文·斯沃茨博士将担任额外的研究顾问。新的行为健康技术的传播非常不均衡。一些精神药物传播得非常快，而另一些则没有取得很大的成功，发展出相当大的市场份额。为了推进最佳实践模型，重要的是要了解这些不同扩散速率背后的因素。在药物政策和相关临床环境方面的培训将使研究者能够制定一项长期研究计划，以研究鼓励或阻碍获得重要新技术的因素。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application seeks a career development award for training in pharmaceutical institutions and policies, psychiatric clinical decision-making and psychopharmacology in order to inform economic research on psychotropic medications. The award period includes 3 research aims to characterize the diffusion of new psychotropic medications across a range of insurance settings, both managed and non-managed care, nationally and in several local markets in an effort to understand the inhibitors and promoters of the adoption and diffusion rate of new pharmaceutical technologies. The specific research aims of this application are 1) to describe major aggregate patterns of diffusion of principal new drugs for the treatment of behavioral health disorders, 2) to determine whether market characteristics and characteristics of psychotropic drug products and their competitors influence the diffusion of drugs at the market (aggregate) level, and 3) to develop and test behavioral models of drug diffusion at the individual level. The training and research activities will enable the candidate to synthesize current research and institutional knowledge from the pharmaceutical industry, pharmaceutical promotion efforts, and clinical literature with a theoretical framework from the discipline of economics in order to begin an important line of inquiry largely missing from the current mental health services research literature. Four mentors with expertise in areas critical to this project have been selected. Dr. Dale Christensen, professor and chair of the Dept. of Pharmaceutical Policy and Evaluative Sciences at UNC will serve as the primary mentor, providing guidance on pharmaceutical policy and marketing. Dr. Ernst Berndt, Professor of Economics at MIT, Dr. Richard Frank, Professor at Harvard and Dr. Marvin Swartz, professor of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Duke will serve as additional research advisors. The diffusion of new behavioral health technologies has been very uneven. Some psychotropic medications have diffused very quickly while others have not had much success developing a substantial market share. In order to advance models of best practice, it is important to understand the factors that underlie these varying rates of diffusion. Training in the area of pharmaceutical policy and the relevant clinical context will allow the investigator to develop a long-term research plan to study the factors that encourage or impede access to important new technologies.