Collegiate Employment and Problem Drinking: Harmful and Protective Factors (AREA)

描述（由申请人提供）：尽管在大学校园中普遍认识到问题饮酒和伴随的健康问题，但对导致和防止过度饮酒的环境因素了解甚少。本研究旨在探讨大学生饮酒与就业相关因素之关系。目前还没有研究在大学生样本中检查工作和酒精之间的联系，尽管研究一直表明，就业是青少年饮酒的预测因素，与工作有关的压力与成年人饮酒量增加有关。随着学生就业率和酗酒率的上升，对工作与酒精之间联系的理解不足构成了对大学生饮酒研究的一个重大空白。该项目的总体目标将通过三个具体目标来实现：1）确定促进和防止大学生过度饮酒的具体工作需求和工作资源; 2）确定将工作与饮酒联系起来的认知和情感过程; 3）确定调节工作与饮酒之间关联的个人和环境因素。具体目标将通过对北方爱荷华州大学就业大学生随机抽样的纵向研究来实现，该大学是一个饮酒问题发生率相对较高的地理位置。参与者将回答一个初步调查以及21个连续的结束一天的调查在互联网上。使用分层线性模型的分析将映射要求和足智多谋的工作特征和各种酒精的结果之间的人的关系。虽然这项研究在本质上是探索性的，但它对政策和计划有独特的影响，比如勤工俭学的经济援助，可能会影响学生饮酒。该项目还将通过确定以前未研究的导致饮酒的就业变量，促进对与学生饮酒有关的环境因素的理解。最后，与区域计划目标一致，该项目将为本科研究人员提供初步的培训经验，并作为未来赠款活动的基础，加强该机构的研究基础设施。酗酒是大学校园中最重要的健康问题之一。这个项目的目标是了解大学生就业如何有助于和防止学生饮酒。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Despite widespread recognition of problem drinking and concomitant health problems on college campuses, there is little understanding of environmental factors that contribute to and protect against excessive alcohol consumption. The goal of this project is to conduct an exploratory study of employment-related factors associated with college student drinking. There are presently no studies examining links between work and alcohol in a college student sample despite research consistently showing that employment is predictive of alcohol use by adolescents and that work-related stress is associated with increased alcohol consumption by adults. As both student employment and binge drinking rates have risen, poor understanding of the work-alcohol connection constitutes a significant gap in research on college student drinking. The overall goal of this project will be accomplished through three specific aims that will: 1) Identify the specific job demands and job resources that promote and protect against excessive alcohol consumption by college students; 2) Determine the cognitive and emotional processes linking work to alcohol use; and 3) Identify person and environmental factors that moderate the association between work and alcohol use. The specific aims will be achieved through a longitudinal study of a random sample of employed college students at the University of Northern Iowa, a geographic location with relatively high rates of problem drinking. Participants will respond to an initial survey as well as 21 consecutive end-of-day surveys on the internet. Analyses using hierarchical linear models will map the within-person relations between demanding and resourceful job characteristics and a variety of alcohol outcomes. Although the study is necessarily exploratory in nature, it has unique implications for policies and programs, such as work-study financial aid, that may impact student drinking. The project will also advance understanding of environmental factors related to student drinking by identifying previously unstudied employment variables contributing to alcohol use. Finally, consistent with AREA program objectives, the project will provide an initial training experience for undergraduate researchers and serve as a foundation for future grant activity, strengthening the research infrastructure of the institution. Alcohol abuse is one of the most significant health concerns on college campuses. This goal of this project is to understand how college student employment both contributes to and protects against student drinking.