Digital Wireless Recording of Wideband Neuronal Activity in Freely-Moving Humans

描述（由申请人提供）：Bio-Signal Group Corp.开发了一种微型、低功耗、无线数字记录技术，称为数字遥测（DT），用于记录大鼠的宽带神经信号。DT是无线的，允许受试者在接收器10米范围内自由移动。DT将电极连接处的神经信号数字化，以避免运动、其他人以及通过改变环境电场传输信号而产生的感应噪声。与传统的12位系统相比，DT以24位（4096倍）分辨率对小的快速动作电位和大的慢速脑场电位进行数字化，因此不需要分别对两个信号带进行滤波。这样就可以捕获作用中的相位关系（单细胞）和场（群体）电位，而不会产生不可恢复的失真。DT的这些（以及其他）创新可以克服记录移动和癫痫患者的宽带大脑信号的技术障碍。与加州大学洛杉矶分校的癫痫发作障碍中心合作，我们将1)开发一个用户界面，用于远程配置主题发射器；2)在运动、惊厥发作和发作后躁动期间记录以前不可能记录的宽带信号；3)在人身上测试动作电位和快速场振荡的协方差是否能指示癫痫发作的可能性和起源。有很多很好的理由来研究单个神经元的活动是如何组织成大脑网络的，以及单个神经元如何被招募到同步的群体活动中，这可能是癫痫发作及其认知后果的基础。尽管电极和外科技术已经发展到可以使用植入清醒、行为自由的人类癫痫患者大脑中的深度电极来记录宽带（场和动作电位）大脑信号，但由于所需的生物医学电子技术的限制，无法在运动和周周事件期间进行无人工影记录。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Bio-Signal Group Corp. developed a miniature, low-power, wireless digital recording technology called digital telemetry (DT) for recording wideband neural signals in rats. DT is wireless, allowing the subject to move freely within 10 m of a receiver. DT digitizes neural signals at the electrode connector to avoid inductive noise pickup from movements, other people and signal transmission through changing ambient electrical fields. Compared to conventional 12-bit systems, DT digitizes small fast action potentials and large slow brain field potentials at 24-bit (4096 times greater) resolution making it unnecessary to separately filter the two signal bands. This allows the phase relations in action (single cell) and field (population) potentials to be captured without unrecoverable distortions. These (and additional) innovations of DT can overcome the technical barrier to recording wideband brain signals from moving and seizing epileptic patients. In collaboration with the Seizures Disorder Center at UCLA, we will 1) develop a user- interface for remote configuration of the on-subject transmitter; 2) make previously impossible recordings of wideband signals during movement, convulsive intra-ictal events, and post-ictal agitation; and 3) test in people whether the covariance of action potentials and fast field oscillations indexes the likelihood and origin of seizure. There are many good reasons to study how activity from individual neurons is organized into brain networks, and how the recruitment of individual neurons into synchronized population activity might underlie seizure and its cognitive consequences. Although electrode and surgical technology has advanced so wideband (field and action potentials) brain signals can be recorded using depth electrodes implanted in the brains of awake freely-behaving human epileptic patients, artifact-free recordings during movements and peri-ictal events cannot be made because of limitations in the required biomedical electronics.