HIV-ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA DIAGNOSIS AND SURVEILLANCE FOR DRUG RESISTANCE

该子项目是利用NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子项目和研究者（PI）可能从另一个NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可以在其他CRISP条目中表示。所列机构为中心，不一定是研究者所在机构。卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎（PCP）是美国获得性免疫缺陷综合征（AIDS）患者中最严重的机会性感染，估计每年造成3，000人死亡。虽然目前可用的抗生素提供了有效的预防和治疗，但人们越来越担心卡氏肺孢子虫可能对这些药物产生耐药性。为了确定抗药性是否正在形成并衡量其可能的传播，疾病控制和预防中心（CDC）将建立对五氯苯酚预防和治疗失败的监测。此外，CDC和合作者将检查PCP的诊断工具。 这是一项由疾病控制和预防中心（CDC）和美国国立卫生研究院（NIH）赞助和资助的前瞻性多中心研究，正在进行的目的是建立对卡氏肺孢子虫可能耐药菌株的监测。假设广泛使用甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑预防卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎（PCP）将导致卡氏肺孢子虫耐药菌株。此外，这项研究还在审查五氯苯酚的新诊断测试。具体的研究目标是：a.在实验室确诊的五氯苯酚病例中建立对可能具有抗药性的五氯苯酚的监测。 B.使用分子分型技术将临床耐药分离株的卡氏肺孢子虫基因型与临床敏感分离株的卡氏肺孢子虫基因型相关联。 C.评价血清测定作为鉴别卡氏肺孢子虫的潜在诊断工具。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Penumocystis carinii penumonia (PCP) is the leading serious opportunistic infection in the United States in persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and is responsible for an estimated 3,000 deaths per year. Although currently available antibiotics provide effective prophylaxis and treatment, there is an increasing concern that P. carinii may be developing resistance to these drugs. In order to determine if drug resistance is developing and to measure its possible spread, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) will establish surveillance for PCP prophylaxis and treatment failures. In addition, the CDC and collaborators will examine diagnostic tools for PCP. This is a prospective, multi-center study, sponsored and funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the National Institutes of Health (NIH), that is being undertaken to establish survelliance for possible drug resistant strains of Pneumocystis carinii. The hypothesis is that widespread use of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) will lead to drug resistant strains of P. carinii. In addition, this study is also examining new diagnostic tests for PCP. The specific research objectives are to: a. Establish survelliance for possible drug resistant PCP in laboratory-confirmed cases of PCP. b. Use molecular typing techniques to correlate the P. carinii genotypes of clinically resistant isolates with those of clinically sensitive ones. c. Evaluate serum assays as potential diagnostic tools to identify P. carinii.