Identification of Chemopreventive Agents Against Lung Tumorigenesis

描述（由申请人提供）： 肺癌是癌症死亡的主要原因。在美国，每年有15万人死亡，约16万例新确诊病例。死亡率和新发病例的可比性表明，几乎所有的肺癌患者都会死于这种疾病。甚至严重的是，在过去几十年中，肺癌治疗并没有太大的改善：肺部患者的5年生存率仅从20世纪70年代的7%增加到目前的15%。肺癌的治疗效果不佳，因此，预防肺癌的发生是控制肺癌的有效方法。根据文献报道，卡瓦提取物是一种预防肺肿瘤发生的潜在饮食。本研究的目的是在有效的肺肿瘤发生动物模型中建立卡瓦提取物的化学预防活性，并鉴定卡瓦提取物的实际化学预防剂。为了实现这一目标，我们计划使用A/J小鼠模型，以评估从卡瓦提取物，通过有机合成或分馏卡瓦提取物，其化学预防活性获得的七个候选人。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death. There are 150,000 mortalities and around 160,000 new cases diagnosed in USA each year. The comparable rates of mortalities and new cases suggest that almost all of the lung cancer patients would die through this disease. Even seriously, there is not much improvement in lung cancer treatment over the past decades: the 5-year lung patient survival rate only increases from 7% of the 1970s to the current 15%. The poor treatment of lung cancer argues strongly for the prevention of lung tumorigenesis as an effective approach to control this disease. Based on the literature reports, kava extract is one potential diet to prevent lung tumorigenesis. The goal of this study is to establish the chemoprevention activity of kava extract in a valid lung tumorigenesis animal model and to identify the actual chemopreventive agent(s) from kava extract. To accomplish this goal, we plan to use an A/J mouse model to evaluate seven candidates from kava extract, obtained through either organic synthesis or fractionation of kava extract, for their chemopreventive activities.