Growth, Differentiation and Genetic Alteration of Human ES Cells

描述（由申请人提供）：人类胚胎干细胞（hES）在培养中分化为多个谱系，为研究人类发育的早期阶段和产生大量用于细胞治疗的特定细胞类型提供了前所未有的机会。实现这一潜力的关键一步是支持人类胚胎干细胞研究的基础设施的可用性。挑战包括细胞的生长和分化必须标准化，以使来自不同学科的研究人员能够轻松地利用这种体外系统。这些努力的核心将是一个核心设施，旨在开发hES细胞技术，并支持和培训西奈山的研究界。此外，我们将解决有关hES细胞生物学和基于hES细胞的技术的基本问题。为了充分利用hES细胞的潜力，重要的是要开发一种方法，允许引入能够影响其分化的基因，以及在移植到受体后防止其后代排斥的基因。我们将分别通过使用腺相关病毒（AAV）和噬菌体整合酶来开发针对hES细胞的位点特异性遗传修饰方法，以解决这些问题。我们将利用初步研究中记载的he细胞的红系分化潜力，来解决与人类珠蛋白基因表达调控机制有关的问题。我们将探讨FOXO转录因子和氧化应激在hES细胞生长和红细胞特异性分化中的作用。这些研究的结果将提供多种hES细胞系的生长和分化潜力的比较，这些细胞的位点特异性遗传修饰的新方法，FOXO蛋白在hES细胞生长和分化中的作用的见解，以及在人类红细胞发育的早期阶段调节珠蛋白基因开关的新信息。我们建议使用以下ES细胞系：ES01、ES02、ES03、ES04、ES05、ES06、T3-03、TE-04、TE-06、UC01、UC06、MI01、BG01、BG02、BG03、WA01、WA07、WA09、WA13、WA14。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The differentiation of human embryonic stem (hES) cells to multiple lineages in culture offers unprecedented opportunities to investigate the earliest stages of human development and to generate large numbers of specific cell types for cell-based therapy. An essential step toward realizing this potential is the availability of an infrastructure that supports human ES cell research. Challenges include that the growth and differentiation of cells must become standardized to enable investigators from different disciplines to easily utilize this in vitro system. At the center of these efforts will be a Core facility that is designed to develop hES cell technologies and to support and train the research community at Mount Sinai. In addition,we will address fundamental questions relating to hES cell biology and hES cell-based technologies. To fully exploit the potential of hES cells, it is important to develop approaches allowing for the introduction of genes that can impact their differentiation as well as those that can prevent the rejection of their progeny, following transplantation into recipients. We will address these issues by developing approaches for site-specific genetic modification of the hES cells, through the use of adeno-associated viruses (AAV) and bacteriophage integrases, respectively. We will take advantage of the erythroid differentiation potential of hES cells as documented in the Preliminary Studies, to address questions relating to the mechanisms of the regulation of human globin gene expression. We will investigate the roles of FOXO transcription factors and oxidative stress on hES cell growth and erythroid specific differentiation. The outcome of these studies will provide a comparison of the growth and differentiation potential of multiple hES cell lines, new approaches for site-specific genetic modification of these cells, insights into the role of FOXO proteins on hES cell growth and differentiation and new information on the regulation of globin gene switching during the early stages of human erythroid development. We propose to use the following ES cells lines: ES01, ES02, ES03, ES04, ES05, ES06, T3-03, TE-04, TE-06, UC01, UC06, MI01, BG01, BG02, BG03, WA01, WA07, WA09, WA13, WA14.