Articulator Movement in Developmental Apraxia of Speech

描述（由申请人提供）：发育性言语失用症（DAS）被描述为一种实践障碍，可导致沟通技能显著受损。许多患有DAS的儿童产生无法理解的言语，使口头交流极具挑战性。据推测，受损的语言运动控制可能是这一人群的语言困难的基础。然而，目前对DAS儿童的运动语言技能知之甚少，特别是关于咬合架运动。为了解决这一知识差距，我们将比较DAS儿童及其年龄匹配的同龄人在不同语言需求的语音任务中如何改变他们的发音动作。本研究将纳入20名发育性言语失用症儿童和20名年龄匹配的发育正常的言语和语言技能儿童。当参与者产生一个、两个和三个音节的单词时，将使用光学动作捕捉系统检查嘴唇和下巴的运动学。本研究的具体目的是：（1）确定发育性言语失用症（DAS）儿童与发育正常的言语和语言技能儿童之间的咬合架运动的持续时间、位移和速度是否存在差异;（2）确定发育性言语失用症（DAS）儿童与发育正常的言语和语言技能儿童之间的咬合架运动变异性是否存在差异;（3）确定发育性言语失用症（DAS）儿童在产生语言复杂性增加的言语时，发音架运动变异性是否发生变化。这项研究的广泛的，长期的目标是确定言语运动系统的组成部分，在发育过程中，在儿童言语障碍。了解DAS患儿的言语运动控制与发声的关系，将有助于阐明DAS的病因及其相关的言语特征，对DAS的鉴别诊断和治疗干预具有重要意义。 相关性：发展性言语失用症会阻碍儿童的沟通能力，这也会扩展到社会，学术和情感方面的发展。这项工作将检查口腔发音架运动的儿童DAS，以了解语言运动控制和声音生产之间的关系，在这个人口。该项目的健康相关性在于它可以对DAS的鉴别诊断和治疗干预产生重要影响，这两者都将导致儿童沟通技能的提高。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Developmental apraxia of speech (DAS) has been described as a disorder of praxis which results in significantly impaired communication skills. Many children with DAS produce unintelligible speech, making verbal communication extremely challenging. It has been hypothesized that impaired speech motor control may underlie speech difficulties in this population. There is currently little known, however, about the motor speech skills of children with DAS, particularly with regard to articulator movement. To address this gap in knowledge, we will compare how children with DAS and their age-matched, typically developing, peers alter their articulatory movements during speech tasks with varying linguistic demands. Twenty children with developmental apraxia of speech and twenty age-matched children with typically developing speech and language skills will be included in the study. Lip and jaw kinematics will be examined using an optical motion capture system as participants produce one, two and three syllable words. The specific aims are (1) To determine whether the duration, displacement and velocity of articulator movements differ between children with developmental apraxia of speech (DAS) and those with typically developing speech and language skills; (2) To determine whether articulator movement variability differs between children with developmental apraxia of speech (DAS) and those with typically developing speech and language skills (TD); and (3) To determine whether articulator movement variability changes as children with developmental apraxia of speech (DAS) produce speech that increases in linguistic complexity. The broad, long-term objective of this research is to identify components of the speech motor system that break down during development in children with impaired speech. Understanding the relationship between speech motor control and sound production in children with DAS will shed light on the etiology of the disorder, as well as the speech characteristics associated with it. This will have an important impact on the differential diagnosis of DAS, as well as therapeutic intervention. Relevance: Developmental apraxia of speech will impede a child's ability to communicate, which can also extend to social, academic and emotional aspects of development. This work will examine oral articulator movement in children with DAS in order to understand the relationship between speech motor control and sound production in this population. The health relatedness of this project lies in the important impact it can have on the differential diagnosis of DAS and on therapeutic intervention, both of which will lead to improved communicative skills in children.