Research Programs-Cancer Genetics

癌症遗传学计划(CGP)成立于1995年，是一个发展中的计划，由YCC提供 提供资金聘请一名遗传咨询师，启动一项协调的临床和研究工作，并资助一部分 项目负责人的努力。在1996年，获得了一项补充，以启动一个核心设施，以获取临床 来自癌症家族的数据和生物样本。在艾伦·贝尔博士的领导下，该计划 自成立以来，规模几乎翻了一番，现在有代表8个系的17名教职员工。 癌症遗传咨询已经发展到包括4名顾问，现在作为一个共享资源发挥作用， 为研究和临床支持提供咨询服务。这次会议的中心主题是 项目是识别遗传性癌症易感性的基因，研究这些基因的作用。 在散发性癌症中，阐明基因功能，并将新的研究成果应用于诊断、疾病 管理，合理用药。该计划支持的研究类型的一个例子是克隆 基底细胞痣综合征(BCNS)的基因，以果蝇为例阐明该基因的功能 模型生物，并使用一种专门针对此关键字的药物进行NCI支持的I期临床试验 皮肤癌的分子缺陷。同样的策略也被应用于各种其他恶性肿瘤。这个 因此，计划是癌症预防和控制计划(CPCP)和基因之间的桥梁 调控与功能基因组学计划(GRFGP)。当我们的计划成员使用分子工具来 确定和表征与癌症遗传易感性有关的基因的功能 负责描述散发性肿瘤的遗传和表观遗传变化。因为许多相同的 基因在散发性和遗传性癌症中都发挥着作用，这两个项目成员的发现都清楚地表明 与另一个相关。这两个计划的一个新的联合项目是基于微阵列的所有癌症的测序 易感基因。我们的成员还与CPCP一起参与研究 环境和遗传因素导致癌症风险，特别是卵巢癌和皮肤癌。皮肤癌研究是 一个P50孢子，与常见的肤色遗传变异和环境风险因素有关。 该计划成员过去一年的研究资金包括总计470万美元的直接成本(667万美元 总成本)，其中120万美元的直接成本(170万美元的总成本)来自NCI。在过去的7年里， 该计划发表了超过164篇同行评议的文章，其中约39%的文章源于 方案间协作和9.1%来自方案内协作。

The Cancer Genetics Program (CGP) was founded in 1995 as a developing program, with the YCC providing seed money to hire a genetic counselor, initiate a coordinated clinical and research endeavor, and fund a portion of the Program Leader's effort. In 1996, a supplement was obtained to initiate a core facility for acquiring clinical data and biological specimens from cancer families. Under the leadership of Dr. Alan Bale, the Program has nearly doubled in size since its inception, and now includes 17 faculty members representing 8 departments. Cancer Genetic Counseling has grown to include 4 counselors and now functions as a Shared Resource, providing counseling services for research studies as well as for clinical support. The central themes of this program are identification of genes underlying hereditary cancer predisposition, studying the role of these genes in sporadic cancer, elucidating gene function, and applying novel research findings to diagnosis, disease management, and rational drug development. An example of the type of research this program supports is cloning the gene for the basal cell nevus syndrome (BCNS), elucidating the function of the gene using Drosophila as a model organism, and conducting an NCI-supported, phase I clinical trial using a drug specifically targeting this key molecular defect in skin cancer. The same strategy is being applied to a variety of other malignancies. The Program thus serves as a bridge between the Cancer Prevention & Control Program >(CPCP) and the Gene Regulation & Functional Genomics Program (GRFGP). While our Program members use molecular tools to identify and characterize the function of genes that is responsible for hereditary predisposition to cancer, GRFGP is charged with characterizing the genetic and epigenetic changes in sporadic tumors. Since many of the same genes play a role in both sporadic and hereditary cancer, discoveries by members of either program have clear relevance to the other. A new joint project of these two programs is microarray-based sequencing of all cancer predisposition genes. Together with CPCP, our Members also participate in efforts to examine the interplay of environmental and genetic factors in cancer risk, notably ovarian and skin cancer. The skin cancer work is part of a P50 SPORE relating common genetic variants of skin color and environmental risk factors. The Program members research funding over the past year include totaling $4.7 million direct costs ($6.67 million total costs) of which $1.2 million direct costs ($1.7 million total costs) is from the NCI. Over the past 7 years, the Program has published over peer-reviewed 164 articles of which approximately 39% resulted from interprogrammatic collaboration and 9.1% resulted from intraprogrammatic collaboration.