THE ROLE OF NON-IMMUNE VACCINE RESPONSES IN PROTECTION CONFERRED BY LIVE ATTENUATED SIV

世界卫生组织承认艾滋病毒/艾滋病是世界上第一大传染病。医生和科学家知道，阻止这种疾病的最好方法是开发一种疫苗，以阻止全球每天发生的14,000例新的艾滋病病毒感染。困难在于，科学家不知道艾滋病疫苗是否需要刺激抗体的产生，抗体是血液中识别病毒并阻止其感染新细胞的分子，还是在感染进一步传播之前消除病毒感染细胞的杀手T细胞。或者，疫苗可能需要做一些不同的事情才能完全有效。NIBSC的研究小组正在研究一种艾滋病毒的动物模型，并发现首先接种了残疾形式的病毒的动物对致病毒株具有抵抗力。该小组认为，接种疫苗后3周内发生的事件对疫苗至关重要，其中许多事件发生在肠道内和肠道周围。因此，他们将专注于揭开这些早期事件的面纱，以便在未来设计和开发更好的艾滋病疫苗。

The World Health Organisation recognises HIV/AIDS as the number one infectious disease in the world. Doctors and scientists know that the best way to stop this disease would be to develop a vaccine to stop the 14,000 new infections with AIDS virus that occur each day worldwide. The difficulty is that scientists do not know whether an AIDS vaccine needs to stimulate the production of antibodies, molecules in the blood that recognise the virus and stop it from infecting new cells, or killer T cells that eliminate virus infected cells before the infection can spread further. Alternatively the vaccine may need to do something different to be fully effective. The team at NIBSC are studying an animal model of HIV and have found that animals vaccinated with a disabled form of the virus first are resistant to disease causing strains. This group think that events that occur within 3 weeks of vaccination are critical for the vaccine and that many of these occur in and around the gut. As a result, they will focus on unravelling these early events to enable a better AIDS vaccine to be designed and developed in the future.