Biobehavioral Foundations and Development of Cognitive Competence

描述（由申请人提供）：提出了六个互补和合作项目，具有共同的科学和行政核心，以阐明认知能力的性质和出现，因为它在人类和非人类灵长类动物物种中，在发育时期和不同群体中表现出来（例如，ADHD患者）。本申请受益于研究人员之间的大量合作和项目之间的趋同，因此整个项目的科学承诺大大超过了每个强大的单个项目的预期科学收益之和。正在研究的心理过程（学习，记忆，注意力，执行功能，分类，语言和自我调节）本身是密切相关的，因此，任何一个过程的理解都要求使用行为，认知，比较，发展和神经科学范式来研究其与其他结构的关系。该应用程序反映了广泛的融合措施，包括任务表现，大脑成像，遗传分析和心理生理学。这些项目的目标是建立在现有知识的基础上，包括我们自己的研究的最新发现，并通过有关行为及其与经验和生物学的相互作用的理论提供信息和信息。 相关性：这些项目的研究结果将促进我们对认知及其障碍的理解，产生与广泛的心理健康问题相关的教育干预和临床应用。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Six complementary and collaborative projects are proposed, with a common scientific and administrative core, to elucidate the nature and emergence of cognitive competence as it is manifest across human and nonhuman primate species, across developmental periods, and across different groups (e.g., individuals with ADHD). The present application benefits from substantial collegiality between investigators and convergence between the projects, so that the scientific promise of the entire program greatly exceeds the sum of the anticipated scientific gains of each strong individual project. The psychological processes being investigated (learning, memory, attention, executive function, categorization, language, and self regulation) are themselves closely inter-related, such that understanding of any one process dictates studying its relation to the other constructs using behavioral, cognitive, comparative, developmental, and neuroscientific paradigms. The application reflects a wide range of converging measures, including task performance, brain imaging, genetic analyses, and psychophysiology. The goal of these projects is to build on the current state of knowledge, including the recent findings from our own research, and to inform and be informed by theories regarding behavior and its interaction with experience and biology. RELEVANCE: The findings of these projects will advance our understanding of cognition and its disorders, generating educational interventions and clinical applications with relevance to a wide range of mental health issues.