Symptoms and Structure of Inhalant Use Disorders

描述(由首席调查员提供)：吸入剂是一个严重的公共卫生问题。它们是最常见和最有害的物质使用形式之一，也是主要药物中研究最少的。吸入剂的使用与有害后果有关，这些有害后果可与其他滥用药物的特征相媲美或超过。它们不成比例地影响弱势群体，包括穷人、特定的少数群体、精神病患者以及参与少年和刑事司法系统的人。吸入剂可能会导致“嗅觉猝死”和严重事故。关于吸入剂使用障碍的研究很少，这也反映在DSM-IV对吸入剂使用障碍的最少描述中。最近的研究结果对DSM-IV吸入剂使用障碍的可靠性和有效性提出了质疑，表明需要进一步研究有问题的吸入剂使用的维度以及吸入剂使用障碍的关键体征和症状，包括耐受性和戒断。这些信息对于开发临床上有用的诊断和评估工具、了解吸入剂使用者的各种治疗需求以及开发循证治疗方法是必要的。鉴于缺乏对吸入剂使用障碍的循证治疗，这一重要性提高了。这项拟议的研究将利用全国酒精及相关疾病流行病学调查(NESARC)的数据，帮助解决这些知识差距。NESARC是对18岁及以上的美国居民进行的具有全国代表性的调查，是规模最大(N=43,093)和最近完成的精神流行病学研究之一。除Axis I和Axis II精神障碍外，该数据来源还包含吸入剂相关体征/症状和障碍的DSM-IV一致性数据，这些数据是吸入剂使用者中最大的社区样本之一。这项研究将检查吸入剂症状的患病率、相关性和意义；测试DSM-IV吸入剂使用障碍的潜在结构；并检查吸入剂使用障碍的诊断孤儿和交替症状配置。 公共卫生相关性：这项研究检查了与使用吸入剂相关的体征和症状。这项研究的目的是更好地了解吸入剂使用障碍的过程，长期目标是改善评估和治疗。

DESCRIPTION (provided by principal investigator): Inhalants are a serious public health concern. They are among the most common and pernicious forms of substance use and the least studied of the major drugs. Inhalant use is associated with harmful outcomes that rival or exceed those characteristic of other drugs of abuse. They disproportionately affect vulnerable subpopulations including the poor, select minority groups, the mentally ill, and persons involved with the juvenile and criminal justice systems. Inhalants can lead to "sudden sniffing death" and serious accidents. Very little research on inhalant use disorders exists, which is also reflected in minimal description of inhalant use disorders in the DSM-IV. Recent findings have raised questions about the reliability and validity of DSM-IV inhalant use disorders, indicating that further research is needed regarding the dimensionality of problematic inhalant use and key signs and symptoms of inhalant use disorders, including tolerance and withdrawal. This information is necessary to inform the development of clinically useful diagnostic and assessment tools, understand the full range of treatment needs of inhalant users, and to develop evidence-based treatments. The importance is elevated in light of the absence of evidenced-based treatments for inhalant use disorders. The proposed research will help address these gaps in knowledge using data from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC). NESARC is a nationally representative survey of U.S. residents 18 and older and is among the largest (N= 43,093) and most recently completed psychiatric epidemiological studies. This data source contains DSM-IV concordant data on inhalant-related signs/symptoms and disorders, in addition to Axis I and Axis II psychiatric disorders, for one of the largest community based samples of inhalant users. This study will examine the prevalence, associations, and significance of inhalant symptoms; test the latent structure of DSM-IV inhalant use disorders; and examine diagnostic orphans and alternate symptom configurations of inhalant use disorders. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This study examines the signs and symptoms associated with using inhalants. The purpose of this study is to better understand the course of inhalant use disorders, with a long-term goal of improving assessment and treatment.