Translational Research in Surgical Oncology

描述（由申请人提供）：每年有超过一百万的美国人将患癌症，其中大约一半将死于这种疾病。尽管在预防癌症方面做出了重大努力，但有效的早期诊断和治疗非转移性疾病仍然是现代有效癌症管理的标志。手术一直是癌症管理的主要诊断和治疗方式，手术技术的进步（如正常和病变组织的光纤和放射核苷酸可视化以及仪器的小型化和机器人控制）有助于改善癌症患者的护理。尽管如此，在多学科背景下，对疾病的生物学基础的理解以及对癌症的有效诊断和治疗管理将在未来十年带来最大的进步。在当今这个发现的时代，对外科医生进行癌症生物学基础教育和培训的机会是前所未有的。癌症遗传学、细胞生物学和免疫学的进步为癌症研究的基础、转化和临床研究提供了重要的机会。这个教育和培训未来几代外科科学家和领导者的机会，为申请外科肿瘤学转化研究的培训经费提供了一个令人信服的必要条件。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Over one million Americans will suffer from cancer every year, and approximately half of them will die from the disease. Despite major efforts to prevent cancer, effective early diagnosis and treatment of non- metastatic disease remains the hallmark of modern effective cancer management. Surgery persists as a major diagnostic and therapeutic modality for the management of cancer and advances in the technology of surgical technique (such as fiber-optic and radio-nucleotide visualization of normal and diseased tissue and miniaturization and robotic control of instruments) have contributed to the improved care of the cancer patient. Nonetheless, it is an understanding of the biologic basis of the disease and the effective diagnostic and therapeutic management of cancer within a multidisciplinary context that will bring the greatest advances over the next decade. In the current era of discovery, the opportunities for the education and training of surgeons in the biologic basis of cancer are unprecedented. The advances in cancer genetics, cell biology and immunology provide important opportunities for basic, translational and clinical studies in cancer research. This opportunity to educate and train future generations of surgical scientists and leaders provided a compelling imperative for this application for a training grant in translational studies in surgical oncology.