National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System

描述（由申请人提供）：由于地理位置接近纽约市，拿骚/萨福克大都市统计区（MSA）与城市MSA有许多HIV和药物相关流行病学问题。艾滋病毒的趋势是特别关注的年轻男男性行为者，性活跃的女性，和黑人男性谁使用注射毒品。属于这些类别的人的艾滋病毒感染率相对于其风险群体的其他成员高得惊人。了解继续阻碍这些群体减少风险的因素对于艾滋病毒的初级和二级预防至关重要。作为对传统艾滋病毒监测的补充，传统艾滋病毒监测侧重于实验室报告和医疗提供者的数据，从参与高风险活动的个人，如男男性行为者（MSM），注射毒品使用者（IDU）和有感染风险的异性恋者收集的行为数据可以增加从传统来源收集的广泛信息。行为监测可以确定某些新出现的流行病学趋势，指导对目前风险最大的人群的干预工作，并评估目前的干预目标是否正在实现。作为一个行为监测赠款，我们将进行指定的高风险群体男男性接触者，注射吸毒者和异性恋者在感染风险的年度轮换调查。对于每个男男性行为者和注射吸毒者周期，将至少招募500名合格的参与者;在异性恋周期中，将至少招募450名有艾滋病毒感染风险的异性恋者。为了评估艾滋病毒的发病率和流行率，国家艾滋病毒行为监测项目的所有周期都将包括自愿艾滋病毒检测部分。所附的研究计划概述了如何完成每个NHBS周期的活动。 公共卫生相关性：拿骚/萨福克郡的艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染率在纽约州最高，不包括纽约市。当地的艾滋病流行率数字，沿着其他社会科学研究表明，在美国最大的大都市地区附近的原始郊区存在大量贫困和社会问题，严重削弱了美国郊区都是“健康和富裕”的假设（Puentes & Warren，布鲁金斯研究所，2006年）。对艾滋病毒/艾滋病高危群体的风险行为进行系统和持续的评估，为监测拿骚/萨福克郡感染的演变、获得和利用预防服务提供了基线数据，并增加了从传统监测方法收集的基础广泛的信息，这些方法侧重于实验室报告和医疗提供者的数据。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Due to its geographic proximity to New York City the Nassau/Suffolk metropolitan statistical area (MSA) shares many of the HIV and drug related epidemiologic concerns of Urban MSAs. HIV trends are particularly of concern for young MSM, sexually active females, and Black males who use injection drugs. Individuals who fall into these categories experience rates of HIV that are alarmingly elevated relative to other members of their risk group. Understanding the factors that continue to impede risk reduction among these groups is essential to primary and secondary prevention of HIV. As a complement to traditional HIV surveillance which focuses on data from lab reports and medical providers, behavioral data collected from individuals involved in high risk activity such as men who have sex with men (MSM), injection drug users (IDU), and heterosexuals at risk for infection can augment the broad based information gleaned from traditional sources. Behavioral surveillance can identify certain emerging epidemiological trends, direct intervention efforts on populations most currently at risk, and evaluate whether current intervention goals are being met. As a Behavioral Surveillance grantee, we will conduct annual rotating surveys of the designated high risk groups MSM, IDU, and heterosexuals at risk for infection. For each MSM and IDU cycle a minimum of 500 eligible participants will be enrolled; a minimum of 450 heterosexuals at risk for HIV infection will be enrolled during the heterosexual cycle. To assess the incidence and prevalence of HIV, all cycles of the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS) project will include a voluntary HIV testing component. The attached research plan outlines how the activities of each NHBS cycle will be completed. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Nassau/Suffolk has the highest rates of HIV/AIDS in New York State, exclusive of New York City. Local HIV prevalence figures, along with other social science research which denotes large pockets of poverty and social problems among the country's original suburbs contiguous to the largest metropolitan areas, severely discount the assumption that America's suburbs are uniformly 'healthy and wealthy' (Puentes & Warren, Brookings Institute, 2006). Systematic and ongoing assessment of risk behaviors among groups at highest risk of HIV/AIDS provides baseline data to monitor the evolution of infection in Nassau/Suffolk, access to and utilization of prevention services and augments the broad based information gleaned from traditional surveillance methods that focus on data from lab reports and medical providers.