National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System

描述（由申请人提供）：国家艾滋病毒行为监测计划的目的是通过艾滋病毒行为监测来监测艾滋病毒的流行。该方案的目标是维持一个持续的监测系统，以确定艾滋病毒风险行为和艾滋病毒感染高危群体中艾滋病毒感染的流行程度，用于制定和指导地方和国家预防服务和方案。数据收集将每年在男男性行为者、注射毒品使用者和艾滋病毒感染风险增加的异性恋者中轮流进行。NHBS是一项匿名、横断面、多地点调查，采用标准化问卷。抽样和征聘战略将包括基于地点的时空抽样和答卷人驱动的抽样调查。每年/风险组至少入组500名合格受试者。该系统将评估风险行为以及艾滋病毒预防方案的获得和利用情况。将进行艾滋病毒感染自愿检测，以评估艾滋病毒血清阳性率和发病率。此外，将在所有周期内提供肝炎检测，以衡量高危人群的患病率。 还将实施变性人艾滋病毒行为监测，以加强国家监测艾滋病毒流行病的能力，并改进对男变女变性人预防工作的指导和评价。THBS数据还将有助于实现CDC艾滋病毒预防战略计划的目标，即改善对变性人或性别变异者中与艾滋病毒相关的风险行为的监测。 该计划将提供一个机会，利用从非卫生保健社区环境中招募高危人群的经验，使用科学合理的方法来维持一个持续的系统，以监测与艾滋病毒感染相关的行为。这将加强全国监测艾滋病毒/艾滋病流行、制定和执行有效的艾滋病毒预防干预措施以及评估预防方案的能力。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance program is to monitor the HIV epidemic through HIV behavioral surveillance. The objectives of this program are to maintain an ongoing surveillance system to ascertain the prevalence of HIV risk behaviors and HIV infection among groups at high risk for acquiring HIV infection to use in developing and directing both local and national prevention services and programs. Data collection will rotate each year among men who have sex with men (MSM), injecting drug users (IDU), and heterosexuals at increased risk for HIV infection. NHBS is an anonymous, cross-sectional, multisite survey that utilizes a standardized questionnaire. Sampling and recruitment strategies will include venue based, time-space sampling and respondent driven sampling surveys. A minimum of 500 eligible participants each year/risk group will be enrolled. This system will assess risk behaviors and access to and utilization of HIV prevention programs. Voluntary testing for HIV infection will be conducted in order to assess HIV seroprevalence and incidence. In addition, hepatitis testing will be offered during all cycle in order to measure the prevalence in high-risk populations. Transgender HIV Behavioral Surveillance (THBS) will also be implemented to strengthen the national capacity to monitor the HIV epidemic and improve the direction and evaluation of prevention efforts among male-to-female transgender persons. The THBS data will also serve to meet the CDC HIV Prevention Strategic Plan objective of improving surveillance of HIV-related risk behaviors among transgender or gender variant persons. This program will provide an opportunity to capitalize on experience recruiting at-risk individuals from non-health care community settings using scientifically sound methodologies to maintain an ongoing system for surveillance of behaviors related to HIV acquisition. This will strengthen the capacity nationwide to monitor the HIV/AIDS epidemic, develop and implement effective HIV prevention interventions and evaluate prevention programs.