Diverse Roles of Reactive Oxygen Species and Inflammation in Vascular Disease

描述（由申请人提供）： 在过去的17年里，埃默里大学的研究人员一直在研究活性氧（ROS）和炎症在血管生物学和疾病中的来源、调节和功能意义。我们的PPG应用程序建立在这种专业知识的基础上，以测试血管壁内的ROS导致炎症过程的总体假设，这些炎症过程是血管疾病的中心介质。在项目1中，大卫哈里森博士提出，T细胞的预激活增强高血压，并将研究这些细胞在调节血管肾功能中的作用。他还将研究IL-17在介导这种效应中的作用，并测试两种疗法抑制T细胞活化和归巢的抗高血压潜力。在项目2中，Hanjoong Jo博士将研究一个令人兴奋的新假设，即骨形态发生蛋白II型受体（BMPRII）的丢失，例如在响应炎症细胞因子TNF-α时发生，释放通常与受体结合并保持不活动的信号蛋白，导致炎症途径的不受控制的激活和动脉粥样硬化的发展。Jo博士将结合联合收割机细胞培养研究，旨在确定BMPRII调节的潜在机制，并使用新创建的内皮特异性BMPRII T“ApoE”小鼠进行研究，以在体内测试这些机制。在项目3中，W.罗伯特·泰勒将研究晚期糖基化终产物受体（receptor for advanced glycation end products，简称AGEs）在正常和糖尿病条件下抑制侧支血管形成的总体作用，重点关注AGEs在单核细胞和T细胞中的具体贡献，这对侧支血管的形成至关重要。进一步的研究将检查ROS依赖性信号传导对炎症基因表达、迁移和细胞活力的影响。项目4将由Kathy Grlendling博士指导，他建议研究NADPH氧化酶Noxl和Nox 4在血管损伤后侧枝形成和新生内膜生长中的不同作用。该项目包括旨在了解Noxl和Nox 4相反调节机制的研究，以及Nox 4在介导BMP 4保护作用中的作用。Grlendling博士将利用Noxl和Nox 4敲除小鼠来研究这些蛋白质在体内的功能。四个核心将支持这些项目。一个由Grlendling博士领导的行政核心将为该计划提供行政支持。由Sergey Dikalov博士领导的ROS核心将支持最先进的ROS测量，由Lula Hilenski博士指导的显微镜和组织学核心将提供共聚焦显微镜和细胞和组织中炎症标志物和ROS成像的专业知识。最后，Bernard Lass^gue博士将领导一个动物核心来集中啮齿动物基因分型和饲养。总的来说，这项研究计划将提供大量的新信息，定义ROS和炎症导致血管疾病的综合机制。最终，这项研究可能建立新的统一概念，将改变血管氧化应激和炎症的条件与血管病变的分子过程联系起来。(End摘要）

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): For the past 17 years, investigators at Emory have been studying the sources, regulation and functional implications of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammation in vascular biology and disease. Our PPG application builds on this expertise to test the overall hypothesis that ROS within the vessel wall lead to inflammatory processes that are central mediators of vascular disease. In project 1, Dr. David Harrison proposes that pre-activation of T-cells augments hypertension and will investigate the role of these cells in modulating vascular renal function. He will also study the role of IL-17 in mediating this effect, and test the antihypertensive potential of two therapies to inhibit T cell activation and homing. In project 2, Dr. Hanjoong Jo will investigate an exciting new hypothesis that loss of the bone morphogenic protein type II receptor (BMPRII), such as occurs in response to the inflammatory cytokine TNF-a, unleashes signaling proteins that are normally bound to the receptor and kept inactive, resulting in an uncontrolled activation of inflammatory pathways and the development of atherosclerosis. Dr. Jo will combine cell culture studies aimed at defining the mechanism underlying BMPRII regulation with studies using newly created, endothelial-specific BMPRlT'" ApoE'' mice to test these mechanisms in vivo. In project 3, Dr. W. Robert Taylor will examine the overall role of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) in inhibiting collateral vessel formation in normal and diabetic conditions, focusing on the specific contributions of RAGE in monocytes and T cells, which are critical for the formation of collateral blood vessels. Additional studies will examine the ROS-dependent signaling to inflammatory gene expression, migration and cell viability. Project 4 will be directed by Dr. Kathy Grlendling, who proposes to study the differential roles of the NADPH oxidases Noxl and Nox4 in collateral formation and neointimal growth after vascular injury. This project includes studies designed to understand the mechanisms responsible for the opposite regulation of Noxl and Nox4, as well as the role of Nox4 in mediating the protective effects of BMP4. Dr. Grlendling will make use of Noxl and Nox4 knockout mice to investigate the function of these proteins in vivo. Four cores will support these projects. An administrative core, led by Dr. Grlendling, will provide administrative support for the program. A ROS core, led by Dr. Sergey Dikalov, will support state-of-the-art measurements of ROS, and a microscopy and histology core directed by Dr. Lula Hilenski will furnish expertise in confocal microscopy and imaging of inflammatory markers and ROS in cells and tissues. Finally, Dr. Bernard Lass^gue will lead an animal core to centralize rodent genotyping and husbandry. Overall, this research program will provide substantial new information defining the integrated mechanisms by which ROS and inflammation contribute to vascular disease. Ultimately, this research may establish new unifying concepts linking conditions that alter vascular oxidant stress and inflammation to the molecular processes underlying vasculopathies. (End of Abstract)