Social Normative Conditions and the Diffusion of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Sys

描述(由申请人提供)：这项研究的目的是深入了解电子烟(或电子尼古丁传递系统)的引入可能在多大程度上影响年轻人使用烟草的社会规范环境。电子烟通过液体的蒸发传递尼古丁，由于不涉及燃烧，它们不会产生侧流烟雾。目前有坊间证据表明，这些设备正越来越多地在公共场所使用。针对年轻人，特别是在大学校园，正在进行大量的营销活动。在这项研究中，我们将特别询问年轻人对在禁止吸烟的公共场所使用电子烟的看法是否比烟草更积极。这项研究还将评估年轻人使用电子烟的程度，他们对电子烟的认识程度，他们可能是如何了解电子烟的，电子烟如何与其他烟草使用行为联系在一起或融入其他烟草使用行为，年轻人将电子烟视为一种创新的方式，以及电子烟在年轻人中具有的吸收潜力。这项研究将受到理性行动和创新扩散理论的推动。这对公共健康的影响是显而易见的。如果烟头变得很受欢迎，肯定会有一些倡导者允许在目前禁止吸烟的地区使用烟头。州和市政清洁室内空气法可能会妥协，或者至少是复杂的。目前正在考虑戒烟的吸烟者很可能会使用这些设备作为替代品，从而阻碍他们的戒烟努力。健康访谈国家趋势研究的数据分析显示，考虑戒烟的吸烟者对这些设备最感兴趣。为使用End提供公共场所对这些人没有帮助。最后，研究清楚地表明，青少年对烟草的吸收受到观察到的环境中烟草使用情况的影响。增加公共烟草的使用模式并不符合预防吸烟的利益。此外，无烟设备的出现可能会让年轻人更容易地尝试尼古丁，而不会被发现，并可能被证明是吸引实验的磁石。 与公共健康相关：这项研究的目的是为年轻人如何看待电子烟或电子尼古丁传递系统(END)进入公共场所提供独特的见解。通过宣传清洁室内空气法，在控制公共场所使用烟草方面取得了重大进展。没有侧流烟雾排放的Ends的出现，给这类努力带来了复杂的问题。在公共场所使用烟头的一个重要问题是对有关烟草使用的社会规范的潜在影响。对年轻人如何看待将末端引入公共空间的可能性进行实证研究，是控烟利益集团迫切需要的信息。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this study is to provide insight into the degree to which the introduction of electronic cigarettes (or, Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems) may potentially affect the social normative environment for tobacco use among young people. Electronic cigarettes deliver nicotine through the vaporization of a liquid and because no combustion is involved they produce no side stream smoke. There is currently anecdotal evidence that these devices are becoming more commonly used in public spaces. There are significant marketing efforts underway directed toward young persons, especially on college campuses. In this study we will specifically ask if young people have a more positive perception toward the use of electronic cigarettes, as compared to tobacco, in otherwise smoking- prohibited public spaces. The study will also assess the degree to which young people are using electronic cigarettes, how aware they are of electronic cigarettes, how they may have learned about them, how electronic cigarettes are associated with or integrated into other tobacco use behaviors, the manner in which young people perceive electronic cigarettes as an innovation and the potential that electronic cigarettes have for uptake among young people. The study will be motivated by the Theory of Reasoned Action and Diffusion of Innovations. The public health implications are clear. Should ENDS become even marginally popular there would certainly be some advocates for allowing their use in areas where smoking is currently prohibited. State and municipal clean indoor air laws may be compromised, or at the very least complicated. Current smokers who are contemplating quitting will likely use these devices as a substitute, thwarting their quit efforts. Analysis of data from the Health Interview National Trends Study shows that smokers contemplating quitting are most interested in the devices. Providing public venues for the use of ENDS will not help these individuals. Finally, research has clearly shown that youth uptake of tobacco is affected by the observed prevalence of tobacco use in the environment. An additional mode of public tobacco use will not serve the interests of smoking prevention. Further, the availability of a "smokeless" device may have the potential to allow youth to more easily try nicotine without detection and could prove to be a magnet for experimentation. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The purpose of this study is to provide unique insight into the manner in which young people view the introduction of electronic cigarettes, or Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) into public spaces. Significant advances have been made in the control of tobacco use in public through the propagation of clean indoor air laws. The advent of ENDS, which emit no side stream smoke, has presented a complication for such efforts. One significant concern surrounding the use of ENDS in public spaces involves the potential effect on social norms concerning tobacco use. An empirical examination of how young people view the potential introduction of ENDS into public spaces is information critically needed by tobacco control interests.