Precision Ventilation -Anesthesia Delivery System for Larger-Animal PET/CT Imagin

描述(由申请人提供)：本提案要求为Aisys通风-麻醉输送和监测系统提供资金，该系统将与专门针对较大研究动物(如非人类灵长类动物)成像的新型PET/CT成像平台一起使用。这种基于微型PET扫描仪和临床神经CT扫描仪(CereTom)的临床前成像系统最初是由研究人员和各自的供应商开发的，目的是在非人类灵长类结核病模型中调查化疗的反应，专门用于此目的的系统位于动物生物安全3级(ABSL3)环境中。调查人员还将匹兹堡大学P.E.T.设施中的微型PET扫描仪升级为临床前PET/CT，可用于其他应用，即所需设备的预期用途。与患者呼吸运动经常出现的临床PET/CT成像不同，在临床前成像中使用受控通风-麻醉可以通过使用新的方案将PET图像中的退化影响降至最低。其结果是本质上联合配准的PET/CT图像基本上没有呼吸运动伪影。要实现这一点，需要比神经成像应用所需的更复杂的通风-麻醉解决方案，在神经成像应用中，目标只是保持稳定的生理功能。Aisys系统将增强的通风功能、电子控制的气体输送和药剂蒸发与麻醉相结合 以及生命体征监测和信息管理于一体的单一集成系统。使用标准通风方案或自由呼吸的PET数据采集的一个缺点是，采集的数据中只有一小部分对应于呼吸周期的任何给定阶段。该系统将使我们能够精确控制呼吸占空比的形式，如 大部分时间是在已知的静态膨胀状态下花费的，这导致采集的大部分PET数据对应于该状态。不对应于该状态的数据可以通过呼吸门控被拒绝，或者即使没有应用门控，图像也可以被接受。屏气CT图像是在相同的充气水平下采集的。与临床PET/CT系统相比，由于微型PET/CereTom系统具有较高的PET空间分辨率，因此使用精确的通风控制对于微型PET/CereTom系统尤其重要，如果感兴趣的细节结构因呼吸运动而变得模糊，则可以避免使用这种系统。Aisys系统上的肺活量测量功能可用于在扫描时评估整体肺功能，以补充获得的活体图像。所要求的系统与临床前PET/CT系统的结合将进一步推动正在进行的以下方面的开发：传染性和炎症性肺部疾病，如COPD、肺动脉高压、新型流感病毒、PET探头开发和移植科学。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal requests funds for an Aisys ventilation-anesthesia delivery and monitoring system to be used with a novel PET/CT imaging platform geared specifically towards the imaging of larger research animals such as non-human primates. This preclinical imaging system, based on the micro PET scanner and a clinical neuro CT scanner (CereTom), was initially developed by the investigators and the respective vendors to investigate response to chemotherapy in a non-human primate model of tuberculosis, and a system dedicated to this purpose is located in an animal biosafety level 3 (ABSL3) environment. The investigators have also upgraded a micro PET scanner sited in the University of Pittsburgh P.E.T. Facility to be a preclinical PET/CT available for other applications, for which the requested equipment is intended. As opposed to clinical PET/CT imaging of human subjects, where patient respiratory motion is a frequent problem, the use of controlled ventilation-anesthesia in preclinical imaging can minimize degrading effects in the PET images through the use of novel protocols. The result is intrinsically co-registered PET/CT images that are essentially free of respiratory motion artifacts. Achieving this requires a more sophisticated ventilation-anesthesia solution than that required for neuroimaging applications, where the goal is simply to maintain stable physiologic function. The Aisys system combines enhanced ventilation features, electronically controlled gas delivery and agent vaporization with anesthesia and vital signs monitoring and information management in a single integrated system. A disadvantage of PET data acquisition with standard ventilation protocols or free breathing is that only a fraction of the acquired data corresponds to any given phase of the respiratory cycle. This system will give us the ability to precisely control the form of the breathing duty cycle such that most of the time is spent at a known static state of inflation, which results in the majority f the acquired PET data corresponding to that state. The data not corresponding to this state may be rejected through respiratory gating or the images may be acceptable even without gating applied. Breath-hold CT images are acquired at the same level of inflation. The use of precision ventilation control is especially important for the micro PET/CereTom system given its high PET spatial resolution, as compared to clinical PET/CT systems, which may be obviated if a detailed structure of interest is blurred due to respiratory motion. The lung spirometry feature on the Aisys system can be used to evaluate global pulmonary function at the time of scanning to compliment the in vivo images obtained. The coupling of the requested system to the preclinical PET/CT system will further advance developments underway in: infectious and inflammatory lung diseases such as COPD, pulmonary arterial hypertension, novel influenzas, PET probe development, and transplantation science.