Integration Free IPS Cells-Derived Progenitors for Cardiac Regeneration

描述（由申请人提供）：诱导多能干（iPS）细胞的产生是用于产生用于个体化细胞治疗的自体多能干细胞系的创新方法。我们的研究将使用人骨骼肌来源的成肌细胞而不是终末分化的成纤维细胞来非病毒地产生iPS并将其分化为心脏祖细胞。假设骨骼肌成肌细胞（SM）是上级候选者，用于单独或与小分子处理组合的较少因子诱导多能状态。因此，iPS衍生的心脏祖细胞可以容易地使用心原性小分子产生，纯化以产生现成的通用心脏细胞。从具有特定小分子的iPS细胞直接产生祖细胞可能是干细胞治疗中的主要当前范式转变。我们进一步提出，使用iPS衍生的心血管祖细胞将允许梗死心肌的成功再生而没有肿瘤发生的风险。将在以下特定目的中检验假设。Specific Aim-1将使用小分子从人SM产生iPS细胞; Specific Aim-2将专注于开发将iPS细胞定向为心脏和血管祖细胞的策略; Specific Aim-3将利用缺血预处理信号传导在调节缺血组织中iPS祖细胞的存活和植入以实现有效再生的能力;具体目标4将测试iPS祖细胞和预处理祖细胞的移植在鼠和临床前猪心脏模型中有效地再生梗塞心肌并逆转纤维化。体内研究的终点将是通过移植祖细胞的肌血管生成分化逆转纤维化，发育中的心肌细胞功能整合到宿主心脏中，减小梗死面积和改善整体心脏功能方面的功能益处。这些研究将涉及多学科方法，将采用最先进的分子生物学、组织化学和免疫组织化学技术，以及涉及完善的实验动物模型的综合生理学，以及动物心脏功能的经胸超声检查。这些研究有望促进强大的心脏分化和心肌细胞纯化，从而从SM-iPS产生无限数量的心脏祖细胞，用于恢复受损的心肌，而没有肿瘤形成的风险。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The generation of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells is an innovative approach for generating autologous pluripotent stem cell lines for individualized cell therapy. Our research will use human skeletal muscle derived myoblasts rather than terminally differentiated fibroblasts for non-viral generation of iPS and their differentiation int cardiac progenitor cells. The hypothesis is that skeletal myoblasts (SMs) are superior candidates for induction to pluripotent state with fewer factors either alone or in combination with treatment with small molecules. Thus iPS derived cardiac progenitors may be readily generated with the use of cardiogenic small molecules, purified to generate off shelf universal cardiac cells. The direct generation of progenitors from iPS cells with specific small molecule may be a major current paradigm shift in stem cell therapy. We further propose that use of iPS derived cardiovascular progenitors will allow successful regeneration of infarcted myocardium without the risk of tumorgenecity. The hypotheses will be tested in the following specific Aims. Specific Aim-1will generate iPS cells from human SMs using small molecules; Specific Aim-2 will focus on developing strategies to direct iPS cells to cardiac and vascular progenitors; Specific Aim-3 will exploit the power of Ischemic preconditioning signaling in regulating survival and engraftment of iPS -progenitors in the ischemic tissue for effective regeneration; Specific Aim 4 will test that transplantation of iPS - progenitors and preconditioned progenitors effectivel regenerates infarcted myocardium and reverses fibrosis in murine and pre-clinical porcine heart models. The end points of the in vivo studies will be reversal of fibrosis through myoangiogenic differentiation of the engrafted progenitor cells, functional integration of developing cardiac myocytes into the host heart, attenuation of infarct size and the functional benefits in terms of improved global heart function. These studies will involve multidisciplinary approach which will employ state of the art molecular biology, histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques and well integrative physiology involving well established experimental animal model, and transthoracic ultrasonography for animal heart function. These studies are expected to facilitate robust cardiac differentiation and cardiomyocyte purification resulting in generation of unlimited number of cardiac progenitor cells from SM-iPS for restoring damaged myocardium without the risk of tumor formation.