Design of an Interactive Incentive Spirometer for Enhanced Respiratory Care

描述（由申请人提供）：本项目的目标是设计一种新型床边激励肺活量计，以帮助减少术后患者的呼吸并发症，如肺炎和肺不张。目前在医院广泛使用的床边激励式肺活量计存在患者反馈不充分、没有提示患者使用的机制、医生和护士没有评估患者呼吸表现和治疗依从性的手段等严重缺陷。在这个项目中，我们将设计一个基于医生、护士和患者输入的数字交互式床边激励肺活量计，通过结合增强的功能集和用户界面设计来避免这些缺点。我们的中心假设是，与目前的床边激励肺活量计相比，我们的新激励肺活量计将改善患者的呼吸表现和治疗依从性，对医生和护士来说信息更丰富，更有用。该项目的基本原理是，患者的更大依从性将减少术后呼吸并发症，缩短术后住院时间，并最大限度地减少因呼吸系统损伤而再次住院的需要，所有这些都提高了患者的福利并降低了医疗成本。我们将通过解决三个具体目标来完成项目目标：1)制定原型激励肺活量计的设计规范。这种原型肺活量计易于患者学习、使用和理解，同时使医生和护士能够准确地评估患者的呼吸性能、对处方治疗的依从性以及呼吸性能随时间的变化趋势。人因工程的应用科学将用于定义用户需求和要求，并开发原型设计概念和规格。2)通过构建几个低保真度原型模型，评估其功能集和界面设计，从而评估原型肺活量计的易用性，从而确定改进的领域。通过确定所需的医疗保健功能和评估原型界面设计，医疗保健提供者将在设计和测试过程中发挥至关重要的作用。3)根据可用性评估的结果，我们将完善原型肺活量计的设计规范，以最大限度地提高其有效性和易用性。这项工作的结果将是一个详细的、经过测试的设计规范和一个基于人因工程原理和医生、护士和病人输入的肺活量计原型。与目前广泛使用的激励性肺活量计相比，该原型装置将显著改善患者的呼吸性能和治疗依从性。它还将使医生和护士能够直接评估患者的呼吸表现和依从性。这种新的肺活量计有望通过降低术后呼吸系统并发症的发生率和严重程度，对患者的健康产生重要的积极影响。鉴于激励性肺活量计在术后患者中的广泛应用，该设备的商业潜力和对患者预后的影响是显著的。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this project is to design a new type of bedside incentive spirometer to help minimize respiratory complications, such as pneumonia and atelectasis, among postoperative patients. The bedside incentive spirometers in current widespread use in hospitals have several severe shortcomings, including inadequate patient feedback, no reminder mechanism to prompt their use by patients, and no means for physicians and nurses to assess patient breathing performance and treatment compliance. In this project, we will design a digital interactive bedside incentive spirometer, based on physician, nurse, and patient input, which avoids these drawbacks by incorporating an enhanced feature set and user interface design. Our central hypothesis is that our new incentive spirometer will improve patient breathing performance and treatment compliance and be more informative and useful to physicians and nurses, compared with current bedside incentive spirometers. The rationale for this project is that greater patient compliance will reduce postoperative respiratory complications, shorten the duration of postoperative hospitalization, and minimize the need for rehospitalization for respiratory compromise, all of which enhance patient welfare and reduce healthcare costs. We will accomplish project objectives by addressing three specific aims: 1) To develop design specifications for a prototype incentive spirometer. This prototype spirometer will be easy for patients to learn, use, and understand, while enabling physicians and nurses to accurately assess patient breathing performance, adherence to prescribed treatment, and breathing performance trends over time. The applied science of human factors engineering will be used to define user needs and requirements and to develop prototype design concepts and specifications. 2) To evaluate the ease of use of the prototype spirometer by constructing several low-fidelity prototype models and assessing their feature sets and interface designs so that areas of improvement can be identified. Healthcare providers will play a vital role in the design and test process by identifying needed healthcare features and evaluating prototype interface design. 3) Based on the results of the usability evaluations, we will refine the design specifications of the prototype spirometer to maximize its effectiveness and ease of use. The outcome of this effort will be a detailed and tested design specification and a prototype spirometer that is based on human factors engineering principles and physician, nurse, and patient input. This prototype device will significantly improve patient breathing performance and treatment adherence relative to incentive spirometers in current widespread use. It will also enable physicians and nurses to directly assess patients' breathing performance and adherence. This new spirometer is expected to have an important positive impact on patients' well-being by reducing the incidence and severity of postoperative respiratory complications. Given the widespread use of incentive spirometry among postoperative patients, the commercial potential and impact on patient outcome of this device is significant.