Race/Ethnic and Sex Differences in Health Behavior Patterns in the United States

描述(由申请者提供)：该项目的主要目标是确定和研究美国成年人如何从事不同的健康行为模式，如吸烟、饮酒、体育活动、预防服务和睡眠时间。我们认为，健康行为不一定是单向度的或和谐的(即，他们承担了所有的健康行为或所有不健康的行为)，相反，健康行为可能形成了不同的不和谐模式(即，他们承担了健康和不健康行为的混合)。我们的目的是了解：种族/民族和性别群体是如何分布在和谐或不和谐的健康行为模式中的，教育模式是否调节了这些关系，以及健康行为模式是否与特定的心理和身体健康结果相关，包括心理困扰、总体健康、身体质量和心血管疾病。我们使用潜在类别分析、2004-2009年全国健康访谈调查(N=159,934)中的22项健康行为指标，以及健康生活方式的社会和人力资本理论来探索健康行为模式的预测因素。我们通过将复杂的技术应用于具有全国代表性的大样本来扩展先前的研究，试图解释健康行为和结果中的种族/民族和性别差异，并在美国国内提供有针对性的多行为干预策略。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The primary goal of this project is to identify and examine how adults in the U.S. engage in distinct patterns of health behaviors, such as cigarette smoking, alcohol use, physical activity, preventive services, and sleep duration. We suggest that health behaviors are not necessarily one-dimensional or concordant (i.e., they undertake all healthy behaviors or all unhealthy behaviors), but rather, health behaviors may form distinct discordant patterns (i.e., they undertake a mixture of healthy and unhealthy behaviors). Our intent is to understand: how race/ethnic and sex groups are distributed across concordant or discordant patterns of health behaviors, if education patterns mediate these relationships, and whether health behavior patterns are associated with specific mental and physical health outcomes including psychological distress, general health, body mass, and cardiovascular conditions. We use latent class analysis, 22 measures of health behaviors from the 2004-2009 National Health Interview Survey (N=159,934), and social and human capital theories of health lifestyles to explore predictors of health behavior patterns. We expand upon previous research by applying sophisticated techniques to a large nationally representative sample in an attempt to explain race/ethnic and sex disparities in health behaviors and outcomes, and provide for targeted multi-behavior intervention strategies within the United States.