Neural Response to Social Reward: Relationships with Depression Over Adolescence

描述（由申请人提供）：抑郁症的发病率在青春期急剧增加，尤其是在女孩中，在这个发育时期的抑郁症与一系列负面的心理、社会、学术和经济后果有关。因此，青春期是识别当前症状和风险的神经生物标志物的关键时期，这可能阐明抑郁症的发病机制。这项由Greg hajak Proudfit博士赞助的研究，旨在描述对奖励的神经反应的亚型——这与目前的抑郁和未来的抑郁风险有关——在8到14岁的女孩样本中。该项目将被添加到正在进行的r01资助的研究中（PI: Greg hajak Proudfit），该研究收集了许多测量数据：参与者的抑郁和青春期发展的自我报告和基于访谈的测量；基于访谈的产妇抑郁测量；荷尔蒙的措施;以及与处理金钱奖励有关的erp。目前的研究将增加一个任务来评估ERP对社会奖励的反应。使用结构方程模型，青春期和抑郁将被建模为潜在变量。将进行分析，将社会奖励的神经反应与青春期和当前抑郁的措施联系起来。对社会奖励的神经反应与母亲抑郁史之间的关系——抑郁风险的一个既定标志——也将被评估，排除终身抑郁的儿童参与者，以隔离风险的影响。额外的分析将探索对社会奖励的神经反应在多大程度上解释了对金钱奖励的反应时抑郁的独特变化。拟议的研究计划将提供评估青春期发育方法的培训（基于访谈、基于问卷和激素）；儿童和青少年抑郁症的理论模型、神经相关因素和临床评估成人抑郁症的临床评价先进的统计技术；以及先进的脑电图处理方法。这项研究将有助于加强对与持续症状学和抑郁症风险相关的神经奖励处理机制的理解，并且正在研究的神经反应可能最终会被添加到儿童和青少年抑郁症的干预或筛查小组中。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Rates of depression increase drastically during puberty - particularly in girls - and depression during this developmental period is associated with a host of negative psychological, social, academic, and financial consequences. Puberty is therefore a critical time during which to identify neural biomarkers of current symptomatology and risk that may clarify the etiopathogenesis of depression. The proposed study, sponsored by Dr. Greg Hajcak Proudfit, aims to delineate subtypes of the neural response to rewards - which has previously been associated with both current depression and risk for future depression - in a sample of 8- to 14-year-old girls. This project will be added onto an ongoing R01-funded study (PI: Greg Hajcak Proudfit) in which a number of measures are collected: self-report and interview-based measures of depression and pubertal development in the participants; interview-based measures of maternal depression; hormonal measures; and ERPs relating to the processing of monetary rewards. The current study will add a task to assess the ERP response to social rewards. Using structural equation modeling, puberty and depression will be modeled as latent variables. Analyses will be conducted to relate the neural response to social rewards to measures of both puberty and current depression. The relationship between the neural response to social rewards and maternal history of depression - an established marker of risk for depression - will also be assessed, excluding child participants with lifetime depression in order to isolate the effects of risk. Additional analyses will explore the extent to which the neural response to social rewards explains unique variation in depression when accounting for the response to monetary rewards. The proposed research plan will provide training in methods of assessing pubertal development (interview-based, questionnaire-based, and hormonal); theoretical models, neural correlates, and clinical assessment of depression in children and adolescents; clinical assessment of depression in adults; advanced statistical techniques; and advanced methods of EEG processing. This research will contribute to an enhanced understanding of neural reward-processing mechanisms related to ongoing symptomatology and risk for depression, and the neural responses being studied may eventually be added to interventions or screening panels for depression in children and adolescents.