Biochemical and in vivo determinants of tau neurotoxicity

描述（由申请人提供）：阿尔茨海默病是最常见的神经变性疾病，其病理特征为异常磷酸化和聚集的tau蛋白的神经元内沉积以及细胞外淀粉样斑块的形成。tau蛋白异常沉积到神经元缠结中也是一组不太常见的疾病的主要病理特征，统称为“tau蛋白病”。“为了定义控制tau诱导的神经变性的分子机制，我们（Gamblin博士）对tau变体进行了广泛的生物化学表征，包括与家族性tau病变额颞叶痴呆和与17号染色体相关的帕金森症相关的剪接异构体和突变体。重要的是，这些生物化学研究已经定义了具有改变的聚集和微管结合特性的tau变体。与此同时，我们（Feany博士）已经创建了果蝇tau蛋白病模型。我们的模型概括了人类疾病的关键特征，包括年龄依赖性神经退行性变、异常tau磷酸化、tau聚集成神经缠结样包涵体和早期死亡。我们现在将联合收割机 生物化学和体内tau蛋白病建模的优势，以定义在tau蛋白病中引起细胞和生物毒性的tau种类。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Alzheimer's disease is the most common neurodegenerative disorder and is characterized pathologically by the intraneuronal deposition of abnormally phosphorylated and aggregated tau protein and by the formation of extracellular amyloid plaques. Abnormal deposition of tau into neurofibrillary tangles is also the primary pathologic feature of a group of less common disorders, collectively termed the "tauopathies." To define the molecular mechanisms controlling tau-induced neurodegeneration we (Dr. Gamblin) have performed extensive biochemical characterization of tau variants, including splicing isoforms and mutants linked to the familial tauopathy frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism linked to chromosome 17. Importantly, these biochemical studies have defined tau variants with altered aggregation and microtubule binding properties. In parallel we (Dr. Feany) have created Drosophila models of tauopathy. Our models recapitulate key features of the human diseases, including age-dependent neurodegeneration, abnormal tau phosphorylation, aggregation of tau into fibrillary tangle-like inclusions, and early death. We will now combine our strengths in biochemistry and in vivo tauopathy modeling to define the species of tau that cause cellular and organismal toxicity in tauopathies.