Quantifying Determinants of Spray Painters' Isocyanurate Exposure

描述（由申请人提供）：迄今为止发表的暴露评估研究未包括异氰脲酸酯（1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯的低聚物）暴露的生物标志物分析，这是喷漆工最大的吸入和皮肤暴露。此外，异氰脲酸酯的增敏能力大于1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯单体（HDI）或HDI双缩脲。我们建议调查和确定个体和环境因素如何影响异氰脲酸酯和HDI单体暴露-生物标志物在我们的喷漆工人群体中的关联。为了实现我们的目标，我们将利用多次独立采样访问的吸入和皮肤暴露以及生物标志物水平的定量测量，以及复杂的暴露建模，这将使我们能够将观察到的生物标志物水平与系统暴露的其他预测因素（如个人和工作场所因素）联系起来。通过这种方法，我们将获得区分异氰脲酸酯和HDI单体暴露的定量数据，从而在通过多种暴露途径表征异氰脲酸酯和HDI单体暴露方面取得重大进展。对全身照射中个体差异来源的论证和量化将大大有助于建立现实的照射-剂量关系。据我们所知，这项拟议的研究项目代表了第一个测量HDI单体及其寡聚物异氰尿酸暴露及其特定代谢物作为暴露工人生物标志物的综合研究。所获得的数据将填补关于HDI低聚物和单体暴露的暴露-生物标志物关系连续体中的主要数据空白，因此，将大大有助于对具有异氰酸酯相关不良健康影响风险增加的喷漆工进行现实的暴露评估。该研究项目将通过提供有关异氰脲酸酯和HDI单体暴露的关键新信息，以及影响个体暴露差异和生物标志物水平的因素，使NIOSH NORA的两个部门受益：服务（汽车车身、油漆和内饰维修和维护）和制造（油漆、涂层和粘合剂制造）。这项研究还允许我们通过考虑异氰脲酸酯和HDI单体暴露的个体差异和生物标志物水平，为设定暴露限值提供有用的输入。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Exposure assessment studies published to date have not included biomarker analysis of isocyanurate (an oligomer of 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate) exposure, which constitutes the greatest inhalation and skin exposure in spray painters. Further, the sensitization capacity of isocyanurate is greater than 1,6- hexamethylene diisocyanate monomer (HDI) or HDI biuret. We propose to investigate and determine how individual and environmental factors affect isocyanurate and HDI monomer exposure-biomarker associations in our well-characterized worker population of spray painters. To achieve our goal, we will utilize quantitative measures of inhalation and dermal exposure and biomarker levels over multiple independent sampling visits as well as sophisticated exposure modeling that will allow us to link the observed biomarker levels to other predictors of systemic exposure such as personal and workplace factors. Through this approach, we will obtain quantitative data that will distinguish between isocyanurate and HDI monomer exposure and, thus, provide a major advance in characterizing both isocyanurate and HDI monomer exposures through multiple exposure routes. Demonstration and quantification of sources of individual differences in systemic exposure will significantly contribute to establishing realistic exposure-dose relationships. This proposed research project, to our knowledge, represents the first comprehensive study to measure both HDI monomer and its oligomer isocyanurate exposures and their specific metabolites as biomarkers in exposed workers. The data obtained will fill major data gaps within the exposure-biomarker relationship continuum regarding HDI oligomer and monomer exposures and, thus, will significantly contribute towards realistic exposure assessment for spray painters who have an increased risk of developing isocyanate-related adverse health effects. This research project will benefit two NIOSH NORA sectors: Services (Automotive Body, Paint, and Interior Repair and Maintenance) and Manufacturing (Paint, Coating, and Adhesive Manufacturing) by providing critical new information on isocyanurate and HDI monomer exposures as well as on factors affecting individual differences in exposure and biomarker levels. This research may also allow us to provide useful input in setting exposure limits by taking into account the individual variation in exposure and biomarker levels to both isocyanurate and HDI monomer.