Novel assessment of affective distress intolerance in binge eating

 描述（由申请人提供）：情感痛苦不耐受被定义为无法忍受负面情绪体验，特别是通过参与适应不良行为来暂时缓解体验，并且理论上是广泛的精神病理学基础的关键功能维度，例如饮食失调，自伤和药物滥用。情感痛苦耐受力差的人会采取一些旨在暂时缓解高水平负面影响的行为，尽管这些行为可能会产生长期的负面后果。因此，情感痛苦不耐受是一个关键的理论目标，在发展和评估有前途的新的心理治疗的变化。然而，在目前的文献中，几乎所有的检查都依赖于自我报告的测量调查情感痛苦不耐受的功能维度作为一个维护因素和潜在的治疗机制。依赖自我报告措施是有问题的，因为它可能会产生高度不准确的数据，这可能是由于偏见、不愿意报告适应不良行为、洞察力差和/或记忆力差。这些问题突出了需要利用多模式测量技术，更客观地确定精神病理学的维护因素，并评估治疗目标和机制。然而，目前还没有经过验证的行为范式或措施，专门挖掘到情感痛苦的宽容。暴饮暴食，饮食失调的一个主要症状 (EDs)是一个特别好的例子，一个适应不良的行为假设是由情感痛苦不耐驱动的。考虑到ED的现有治疗效果非常低，情感痛苦耐受的行为测量的开发和验证将允许情感痛苦耐受作为维持因素的有效鉴定（即，目标识别），以及评价有希望的治疗的机制和调节剂（即，目标参与和验证）。Ruth L. Kirschstein国家服务奖（NRSA）是一项为期两年的研究和培训计划，重点是验证情感痛苦不耐受的行为措施和使用新的评估方法（例如，生态瞬时评估（EMA），以研究痛苦耐受在维持暴食中的调节作用。本研究的目的是（1）检验情绪痛苦承受力的行为范式具有良好的心理测量学特性的假设：（2）检验暴饮暴食者（n=40）比非暴饮暴食者（n = 40）表现出更差的情绪痛苦承受力的假设;（3）检验情绪痛苦耐受性会调节负性情绪和随后的狂欢发作之间的关系的假设，如EMA所测量的。NRSA将为候选人提供必要的培训和研究经验，以追求独立的研究生涯，在测量开发和心理测量学，基于实验室的测量，EMA和跨诊断维护因素的理论探索方面具有特殊的专业知识，特别是当它们与饮食病理学相关时。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Affective distress intolerance is defined as the inability to endure negative emotional experiences, specifically by engaging in maladaptive behaviors to temporarily alleviate the experience, and is theorized to be a key functional dimension underlying a wide range of psychopathology, such as eating disorders, self-injury, and substance abuse. Individuals with poor affective distress tolerance engage in behaviors meant to achieve temporary relief from high levels of negative affect, despite the potential long-term negative consequences engendered by these behaviors. As such, affective distress intolerance is a key theoretical target for change in the development and evaluation of promising new psychological treatments. However, nearly all examinations in the current literature have relied on self-report measurement for investigating the functional dimension of affective distress intolerance as both a maintenance factor and potential treatment mechanism. Reliance on self-report measures is problematic, as it likely produces highly inaccurate data, potentially due to bias, unwillingness to report on maladaptive behavior, poor insight, and/or poor recall. These issues highlight the need to utilize multimodal measurement techniques to more objectively identify maintenance factors of psychopathology and to evaluate treatment targets and mechanisms. However, there are currently no validated behavioral paradigms or measures that tap specifically into affective distress tolerance. Binge eating, a key symptom of eating disorders (EDs) across diagnoses, is a particularly good example of a maladaptive behavior hypothesized to be driven by affective distress intolerance. Given the very low efficacy of extant treatments fo EDs, development and validation of a behavioral measure of affective distress tolerance would allow for the valid identification of affective distress tolerance as a maintenance factor (i.e., target identification), and evaluation of mechanisms and moderators of promising treatments (i.e., target engagement and validation). The proposed Ruth L. Kirschstein National Service Award (NRSA) is a 2-year program of research and training focused on the validation of a behavioral measure of affective distress intolerance and use of novel assessment methods (e.g., ecological momentary assessment; EMA) to examine the moderating role of distress tolerance in the maintenance of binge eating. The current study aims to (1) test the hypothesis that a behavioral paradigm of affective distress tolerance will demonstrate sound psychometric properties; (2) test the hypothesis that individuals with binge eating (n=40) will demonstrate poorer affective distress tolerance than those without (n=40); and (3) test the hypothesis that affective distress tolerance will moderate the relation between negative affect and subsequent binge episodes, as measured by EMA. The NRSA will provide the candidate with the training and research experiences necessary to pursue an independent research career, with special expertise in measure development and psychometrics, laboratory-based measurement, EMA, and theoretical exploration of cross-diagnostic maintenance factors, especially as they relate to eating pathology.