Facilitating HIV/AIDS and HIV Testing Literacy for Emergency Department Patients

描述（由申请人提供）：美国疾病控制和预防中心（CDC）建议所有患者在每次HIV检测时都应该口头或书面地获得有关HIV/AIDS和HIV检测的信息。然而，对于繁忙的急诊科（EDs）来说，口头传递信息是艾滋病毒检测的障碍，而书面小册子可能对健康状况较差或文化水平较低的人没有用处。在提高艾滋病毒/艾滋病和艾滋病毒检测知识方面，视频可能与口头传播的信息一样或更有效，特别是对卫生知识技能较低的人而言。然而，显示视频所需的资源可能会限制它们在EDs中的使用。画册是一种很有前途的选择，但功效不明。无论患者是如何被告知的，我们都不知道这些知识被保留了多少，保留了多久，这些信息是否应该根据患者的需要和能力来传递，以及这些知识的保留是否会影响未来的HIV检测行为。这项R01研究将解决我们在理解上的这些空白。我们将在600名说英语和600名说西班牙语的18-64岁ED患者中进行一项多地点、随机、对照、纵向试验来调查这些问题。我们将使用一种有效的卫生素养测量方法进行分层

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that all patients should receive information about HIV/AIDS and HIV testing orally or in writing at every HIV testing encounter. However, for busy emergency departments (EDs), delivering information orally is a barrier to HIV testing, and written brochures likely are not useful for those with lower health or general literacy. Videos might be as or more efficacious than orally-delivered information in improving HIV/AIDS and HIV testing knowledge, particularly for those with lower health literacy skills. However, the resources required to show videos might limit their use in EDs. Pictorial brochures are a promising alternative, but are of unknown efficacy. Regardless of how patients are informed, we do not know how well or for how long this knowledge is retained, if this information should be delivered according to patient needs and abilities, and if retention of this knowledge impacts future HIV testing behavior. This R01 study will address these gaps in our understanding. We will conduct a multi-site, randomized, controlled, longitudinal trial among 600 English- and 600 Spanish-speaking 18-64-year-old ED patients to investigate these questions. Using a valid measure of health literacy, we will stratify our sample within language by health literacy level (lower vs. higher). We will randomly assign patients to receive HIV/AIDS and HIV testing information by video or pictorial brochure. At one year post-enrollment, we will offer participants an opportunity to be tested again for HIV. As primary aims, we will compare the efficacy of pictorial brochures and videos in improving short-term (in ED) HIV/AIDS and HIV testing knowledge and retaining this knowledge over 12 months. More specifically, we will determine if and how short-term improvement and longer-term retention of knowledge interacts with information delivery mode (pictorial brochure or video), patient health literacy level (lower or higher) and language (English or Spanish). As secondary aims, using the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) model as a heuristic framework, we will examine components of the IMB model relevant to our study and their interrelationships, their impact on HIV re-testing behavior, and the moderating influence of information delivery mode, language and health literacy level through the model. In regards to HIV re-testing behaviors, we will assess: (1) testing uptake at one year post-enrollment when offered as part of the study, (2) testing utilization during the study period but not as part of the study, and (3) change in testing utilization one year pre vs. post study enrollment. Study findings will guide ED-based delivery of HIV/AIDS and HIV testing information; that is, whether delivery modes (video or pictorial brochure) should be selected for patients by language and/or health literacy level, or whether either mode could be used. The results also will inform EDs when, how, and for whom information needs to be provided for those testing again for HIV within one year.