Cancer-Health Disparities in Incarcerated Men

 描述(由申请人提供)：这项NCI K22职业发展提案的总体目标是将PI，一个博士学位，并接受过健康差异方面的培训的社会工作者，发展成为一个成功资助的独立癌症研究人员。该提案包含职业发展和有组织的研究计划活动，重点是推进对被监禁男子的癌症-健康差异研究。被监禁的男性通常不是癌症健康研究的重点，尽管多份报告表明，大约60%-80%的美国囚犯有烟草使用史，而总人口的这一比例为30%，参与刑事司法系统的个人中超过80%的人报告了 物质使用，包括酒精、大麻和强效可卡因。考虑到烟草、大麻、强效可卡因和酒精的使用与患肺病、肝病和某些癌症的风险增加有关，这是一个令人震惊的统计数据。人们对被监禁男子的癌症健康差异以及监禁对他们获释后的健康行为的影响知之甚少。这个项目建立在她之前的工作基础上，包括她在艾滋病毒/艾滋病研究、临床实践和混合方法研究经验方面的深厚背景。具体的职业目标是：(1)精通研究技能，重点是先进的量化方法、数据分析和拨款申请(参加癌症流行病学和纵向研究课程)；(2)获得监狱癌症-健康差距研究的经验(收集三个不同惩教机构的初级癌症-健康差距数据)。这项拟议的研究将评估癌症与健康之间的差异。 以及目前被关押在三个不同安全级别(即拘留、最低安全级别和中等安全级别)的18岁及以上男子的吸烟行为。具体目标是：(1)评估关于癌症的知识、态度和信念，并描述被监禁男子的吸烟行为；以及(2)为处于三种不同惩教环境中的被监禁男子改编癌症101(癌症教育资源，旨在提高弱势群体的癌症知识、存活率和癌症控制)。本提案中描述的K22的结果旨在为NCI R01拨款申请提供依据。长期目标是为返回社区的被监禁男子设计和实施符合文化的监狱到社区癌症健康预防试验，以最终减少影响有刑事司法背景的男子的癌症负担。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overall goal of this NCI K22 career development proposal is to develop the PI, a PhD, and trained social worker in health disparities, into a successfully funded independent cancer researcher. The proposal contains both career development and structured research plan activities focus on advancing cancer-health disparities research with incarcerated men. Incarcerated men have not generally been the focus of cancer health studies although multiple reports indicate that approximately 60-80% of inmates in the United States have histories of tobacco use, compared to 30% of the general population, and over 80% of individuals involved in the criminal justice system report histories of substance use, including alcohol, marijuana and crack cocaine. This is an alarming statistic, considering that tobacco, marijuana, crack cocaine, and alcohol use are associated with an increased risk of developing lung and liver diseases and certain cancers. Little is known about incarcerated men's cancer-health disparities and how incarceration affects their health behaviors upon release to the community. This program builds upon the PI's prior work including her strong background in HIV/AIDS research, clinical practice, and mixed-methods research experience. The specific career goals are: (1) to become proficient in research skills, focusing on advanced quantitative methods, data analysis and grant writing (enroll in cancer epidemiology and longitudinal research courses); and (2) to gain experience in prison cancer-health disparities research (collecting primary cancer- health disparities data across three different correctional facilities). The proposed research will assess the cancer-health disparities and smoking behaviors of men ages 18 years and over who are currently incarcerated in facilities of three different security levels (i.e., detention, minimum, and medium). The specific aims are to: (1) assess the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs about cancer and describe the smoking behaviors of incarcerated men; and (2) adapt the Cancer 101 (a cancer education resource to improve cancer knowledge, survival rates and cancer control in vulnerable populations) for incarcerated men in three different correctional settings. The results from the K22 described in this proposal are intended to inform the basis of a NCI R01 grant application. The long-term goal is to design and implement a culturally appropriate prison-to-community cancer-health prevention trial for incarcerated men returning to their communities in order to ultimately reduce the cancer burden affecting men with criminal justice backgrounds.