Innovative Training Experiences for Occupational Medicine Residents in Non-Urban and Agricultural Settings

 描述(由申请人提供)：尽管几个世纪以来，工作场所因素对人类健康、疾病、伤害、残疾和死亡的贡献得到了承认，但职业医学在卫生保健界仍然是一个鲜为人知的专业。很少重视对本科生和研究生的医生进行有关职业史采集的教育，也很少关注临床会诊中如何识别和减少与工作有关的风险因素。自20世纪90年代中期以来，认可的职业医学住院医师(OMR)计划的数量一直在稳步下降(35%)，尽管公认在这一领域接受过正规培训的医生短缺。剩下的项目努力争取资金来维持他们的教育努力。在医疗实践的许多专业领域，对非城市人口的特殊需求也很少给予关注。然而，农村社区往往缺乏制定和维持预防职业病和伤害的方法的基础设施，特别是在农业等特定工作部门，在这些部门，雇用和/或移徙劳动力可能占雇员的大多数。这项提议的一个主要目标是寻求支持，以维持和增加受过职业医学培训的医生的数量，这些医生具有广泛的经验和足够的能力，可以在没有直接监督的情况下执业。第二个主要目标是提供培训方面的内容，强调农村劳动力的职业健康需求，并特别关注农业。这项提议与疾病控制中心是一致的 2020年和预防健康人和国家职业安全与健康研究所(NIOSH)的任务是提供足够的合格人员供应，以实现《职业安全与健康法》的宗旨。该提案被认为是对筹资机会公告PAR-10-288的回应，它解决了OMR训练有素的医生劳动力需求(核心学科)方面的严重缺口，并将整合农业安全和健康。该培训项目的具体目标是：1.维持和增加合格的职业医学住院医师的供应，特别是在美国公共卫生区。2.通过一系列教学、体验和实践学习活动，增加职业医学住院医师毕业生的数量，提高他们对农村/农业职业健康的知识和意识，从而扩大服务能力。3.促进经认证的职业医学住院医师计划、西南农业健康、伤害预防和教育中心以及其他多个地区利益相关者之间的跨学科合作，包括位于休斯顿的德克萨斯大学公共卫生学院西南职业和环境健康中心NIOSH ERC。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Despite centuries of recognition of the contribution of workplace factors to human health, disease, injury, disability, and death, occupational medicine remains an obscure specialty within the health care community. Little emphasis is given to educating physicians at both the undergraduate and post-graduate levels concerning occupational history-taking and little focus is placed in clinical encounters on discerning and reducing work-related risk factors. Since the mid-1990s, the number of accredited occupational medicine residency (OMR) programs has declined steadily (35%) in spite of a recognized shortfall of physicians with formalized training in this area. Remaining programs struggle for funding to sustain their educational efforts. In many specialty areas of medical practice, there i also little attention given to the special needs of non- urban populations. However, rural communities often lack the infrastructure for developing and sustaining a preventive approach to occupational disease and injury, particularly for specific work sectors such as agriculture where the hired and/or migrant workforce may constitute the majority of employees. One main objective of this proposal is to seek support for sustaining and increasing the number of occupational medicine trained physicians who have broad experience and sufficient competence to enter practice without direct supervision. The second main objective is to bring a dimension of training that emphasizes the occupational health needs of the rural workforce with special attention to agriculture. This proposal is in keeping with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Healthy People 2020 and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) mandate to provide an adequate supply of qualified personnel to carry out the purposes of the Occupational Safety & Health Act. The proposal is considered responsive to the Funding Opportunity Announcement PAR-10-288 by addressing a critical gap in OMR trained physician workforce needs (core discipline), and will integrate agricultural safety and health. Specific aims for this training project are to: 1. Sustain and increase the supply of qualified occupational medicine residency trained physicians, particularly in U.S. Public Health Region 6. 2. Expand service capacity by increasing the number of occupational medicine resident graduates who develop knowledge and awareness of rural/agricultural occupational health, through a range of didactic, experiential, and practicum learning activities. 3. Nurture interdisciplinary collaborations between an accredited occupational medicine residency program, the Southwest Center for Agricultural Health, Injury Prevention, and Education, and multiple other regional stakeholders including the Southwest Center for Occupational and Environmental Health NIOSH ERC located in Houston at The University of Texas School of Public Health.