High Speed Single Pixel Hyperspectral Spatial Frequency Domain Imaging

 描述（由申请人提供）：空间频域成像（SFDI）是一种基于模型的宽视场非接触式方法，用于测量生物组织的吸收、散射和荧光特性。通过测量以不同的空间频率和相位投射到样品上的光的正弦图案的衰减（或荧光），同时在每个像素中确定光学特性。在给定波长下的平均询问深度由投影的空间频率控制，并且路径长度中的频率依赖性差异用于使用计算模型来计算组织光学特性。经过处理以提取SFDI图像的图像被记录在传统的相机系统上，这是昂贵的并且在数据采集速度方面受到限制。用SFDI恢复的组织特性随光波长而变化。传统的相机系统不能分辨光学波长，因此组织特性中的光谱变化的SFDI成像将需要切换照明波长并顺序地获取SFDI数据。可替代地，可以使用复杂且昂贵的高光谱相机，但是成本对于一般临床使用是过高的。为了克服SFDI成像速度的限制并实现高速高光谱SFDI成像，我们将开发用于成像的空间频率调制（SPIFI）的能力，以用于具有宽光谱的SFDI图像提取。SPIFI利用在空间和时间上调制的光来将空间信息编码成调制频率，使得在照射物体之后，在单个像素检测器上收集的光可以被解码以形成图像。单像素检测器表现出比相机系统大许多数量级的带宽。大的探测器带宽开启了用单个光电探测器记录空间和光谱信息数据的能力，这些数据可以被处理成高光谱图像。SPIFI、SFDI和高光谱成像的合并策略将为定量光谱组织成像的前所未有的成像速率开辟能力。此外，应用于照明光的调制格式是可适应的-使单像素高光谱SFDI成为一个非常灵活的成像平台，可以动态调整成像、速度、分辨率和光谱分辨率，以优化特定目标应用的成像条件。自适应优化组织中吸收、散射或荧光成像并建立深度分辨高光谱图像的能力将为组织成像开辟新的功能。

 DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Spatial Frequency Domain Imaging (SFDI) is a model-based, wide-field, non-contact method for measuring the absorption, scattering, and fluorescence properties of biological tissue. Optical properties are determined in each pixel simultaneously, by measuring the attenuation (or fluorescence) of sinusoidal patterns of light projected onto the sample at varying spatial frequencies and phases. The mean interrogation depth at a given wavelength is controlled by the spatial frequency of projection, and frequency-dependent differences in path length are used to calculate tissue optical properties using computational models. Images processed to extract SFDI images are recorded on a conventional camera system, which are costly and limited in data acquisition speed. The tissue properties recovered with SFDI vary with optical wavelength. Conventional camera systems are not able to resolve optical wavelengths, so SFDI imaging of the spectral variation in tissue properties would require switching illumination wavelengths and sequentially acquiring SFDI data. Alternatively, complex and expensive hyperspectral cameras can be used, but the cost is prohibitive for general clinical use. To overcome the limitations on SFDI image speed and to enable high speed hyperspectral SFDI imaging, we will develop the capability of SPatIal Frequency modulation for Imaging (SPIFI) to be used for SFDI image extraction with a broad optical spectrum. SPIFI exploits light modulated in space and time to encode spatial information into modulation frequency to that after illuminating an object, light collected on a single pixel detector can be decoded to form images. Single pixel detectors exhibit bandwidths many orders of magnitude larger than camera systems. The large detector bandwidth opens the capability for recording data for spatial and spectral information with a single photodetector that can be processed into hyperspectral images. The strategy of merging SPIFI, SFDI, and hyperspectral imaging will open up capabilities for unprecedented imaging rates of quantitative spectroscopic tissue imaging. In addition, modulation formats applied to the illumination light are adaptable - making single pixel hyperspectral SFDI an extremely agile imaging platform that can adapt the imaging, speed, resolution, and spectral resolution dynamically to optimize imaging conditions for specific target applications. The ability to adaptively optimize imaging of absorption, scattering, or florescence in tissues and build up depth-resolved hyperspectral images will open new capabilities for tissue imaging.