Impaired Control over Alcohol Consumption: Laboratory and Field Investigations

摘要 过度饮酒仍然是美国一个严重的公共卫生问题。更好地了解 过量饮酒背后的心理过程是必要的， 可以制定干预措施。最近的研究集中在控制力受损，表现为失败 避免饮酒或限制消费，一旦它已经开始。为了更好地理解 我们开发了一种新的人类实验室模型（Resist CASE）， 评估表明控制权受损的实际消费行为。如果Resist CASE是一个很好的模型， 可以用来评估受损的控制是否可以通过心理或 药理学操作。在拟议的研究中，我们比较了自我管理的酒精， 使用生态瞬时评估的针对现场实际饮酒行为的实验室模型 （EMA）。申办者和联合申办者分别具有实验室和现场评估方面的专业知识。 EMA将包括对当前戒酒动机和近期饮酒的评估。重度饮酒者 （N=37）将完成两个Resist CASE会话，一个有预充酒精暴露，一个没有。 在每次会议上，将评估抵抗自我饮酒的能力（“抵抗”），以及 在开放酒吧期间自我给药（“实验室消耗”）。参与者将完成为期六周的 EMA评估动机和饮酒。总体目标是检验实验室的有效性 模型本研究的具体目的是：1）研究自我抵抗能力与饮酒量之间的关系， 在实验室中给药（抵抗）和在现实世界中戒酒的能力，评估 使用EMA; 2）在开放期间检查实验室中酒精自我给药与 酒吧（实验室消费）和饮酒行为在现实世界中，使用EMA评估;和3） 在实验室和现场检查抵抗和饮酒的预测因素。实验室和EMA数据， 这项研究最终可能有助于开发出一种算法，可以预测一个人何时有饮酒的风险， 并制定干预措施，在实地管理，以减少与 喝酒。

Abstract Excessive alcohol use remains a significant public health problem in the US. A better understanding of the psychological processes underlying excessive drinking is needed so that more effective interventions can be developed. Recent research has focused on impaired control, manifest as a failure to avoid drinking or to limit consumption once it has begun. To better understand the processes underlying impaired control, we developed a novel human laboratory model (Resist CASE) that assesses actual consumption behavior indicative of impaired control. If Resist CASE is a good model, it could be used to evaluate whether impaired control can be modified by psychological or pharmacological manipulations. In the proposed study, we compare self-administration of alcohol in the laboratory model against actual drinking behavior in the field using ecological momentary assessment (EMA). The Sponsor and Co-Sponsor have expertise in laboratory and field assessments respectively. EMA will include assessment of current motivation to abstain and recent drinking. Heavy drinkers (N=37) will complete two Resist CASE sessions, one with a priming alcohol exposure and one without. At each session the ability to resist self-administering alcohol will be assessed (“Resist”), as well as self-administration during an open bar (“Lab Consumption”). Participants will complete six weeks of EMA to assess motivation and drinking. The overall goal is to examine the validity of the laboratory model. The specific aims are 1) To examine the association between ability to resist alcohol self- administration in the lab (Resist) and the ability to abstain from drinking in the real-world, assessed using EMA; 2) To examine the association between alcohol self-administration in the lab during open bar (Lab Consumption) and drinking behavior in the real-world, assessed using EMA; and 3) To examine predictors of resisting and drinking in the lab and field. Laboratory and EMA data from this study may ultimately help to develop algorithms that can predict when an individual is at risk of drinking, and to develop interventions, administered in the field, to reduce the risk of poor outcomes associated with drinking.